Table 4.
Vascular Risk Factors and Adiponectin (ln-Transformed) in NOMAS by Adiposity
| |
β (P value) for ln-adiponectin |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk factor | Obese | Nonobese | High waist circumference | Normal waist circumference |
| Hispanic vs. whitea | −0.149 (0.0003) | −0.139 (<0.0001) | −0.125 (0.0002) | −0.145 (<0.0001) |
| Black vs. whitea | −0.269 (<0.0001) | −0.189 (<0.0001) | −0.198 (<0.0001) | −0.211 (<0.0001) |
| Age (1-year increase)a | 0.010 (<0.0001) | 0.012 (<0.0001) | 0.012 (<0.0001) | 0.012 (<0.0001) |
| Male sexa | −0.092 (0.01) | −0.095 (<0.0001) | −0.022 (0.50) | −0.147 (<0.0001) |
| Former vs. never smokera | −0.055 (0.08) | −0.042 (0.05) | −0.059 (0.03) | −0.043 (0.07) |
| Current vs. never smokera | −0.070 (0.10) | −0.011 (0.70) | −0.071 (0.06) | −0.006 (0.82) |
| Light vs. no alcohol usea | −0.00002 (1.0) | 0.017 (0.58) | 0.031 (0.38) | −0.012 (0.72) |
| Moderate vs. no alcohol usea | −0.044 (0.18) | −0.059 (0.01) | 0.001 (0.97) | −0.087 (0.0003) |
| Intermediate vs. no alcohol usea | −0.186 (0.02) | −0.084 (0.11) | −0.142 (0.07) | −0.108 (0.04) |
| Heavy vs. no alcohol usea | −0.131 (0.42) | −0.013 (0.06) | −0.124 (0.31) | −0.132 (0.08) |
| Any physical activitya | 0.055 (0.05) | −0.046 (0.02) | 0.028 (0.24) | −0.048 (0.02) |
| Hypertensiona | −0.051 (0.14) | −0.069 (0.001) | −0.048 (0.11) | −0.071 (0.001) |
| Diabetesa | −0.066 (0.04) | −0.128 (<0.0001) | −0.120 (<0.0001) | −0.075 (0.01) |
| eGFRa | −0.002 (0.001) | −0.001 (0.03) | −0.002 (0.01) | −0.001 (0.02) |
| LDL-C (mg/dL)a | −0.0005 (0.24) | −0.001 (0.03) | −0.0004 (0.21) | −0.001 (0.03) |
| HDL-C (mg/dL)a | 0.008 (<0.0001) | 0.011 (<0.0001) | 0.009 (<0.0001) | 0.012 (<0.0001) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL)a | −0.001 (0.003) | −0.001 (<0.0001) | −0.001 (0.001) | −0.001 (<0.0001) |
| R2 from model above | 0.24 | 0.36 | 0.27 | 0.39 |
| hsCRP (mg/mL)a | −0.003 (0.04) | −0.002 (0.21) | −0.0003 (0.85) | −0.004 (0.01) |
| R2 | 0.26 | 0.36 | 0.29 | 0.38 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL)a | −0.00002 (0.34) | 0.000003 (0.89) | −0.00001 (0.78) | 0.0000005 (0.98) |
| R2 | 0.27 | 0.35 | 0.28 | 0.37 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL)a | −0.006 (0.62) | −0.006 (0.33) | −0.015 (0.10) | −0.002 (0.81) |
| R2 | 0.44 | 0.44 | 0.39 | 0.38 |
| HDL2 (mg/dL)b | 0.013 (<0.0001) | 0.015 (<0.0001) | 0.012 (<0.0001) | 0.015 (<0.0001) |
| R2 | 0.27 | 0.35 | 0.27 | 0.39 |
| HDL3 (mg/dL)b | 0.009 (0.0004) | 0.009 (<0.0001) | 0.009 (<0.0001) | 0.010 (<0.0001) |
| R2 | 0.27 | 0.35 | 0.27 | 0.39 |
| ApoB (mg/dL)c | −0.001 (0.29) | −0.002 (0.001) | −0.002 (0.09) | −0.003 (0.0003) |
| R2 | 0.35 | 0.47 | 0.35 | 0.52 |
| ApoA-1 (mg/dL)c | 0.002 (0.13) | 0.005 (<0.0001) | 0.003 (0.001) | 0.005 (<0.0001) |
| R2 | 0.35 | 0.47 | 0.35 | 0.52 |
Controlling for race/ethnicity, age, sex, smoking, alcohol use, any physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, eGFR, LDL-C, HDL-C, and triglycerides.
Controlling for race/ethnicity, age, sex, smoking, alcohol use, any physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, eGFR, LDL-C, HDL2, HDL3, and triglycerides.
Controlling for race/ethnicity, age, sex, smoking, alcohol use, any physical activity, hypertension, diabetes, eGFR, ApoB, ApoA-1, and triglycerides.
NOMAS, Northern Manhattan Study; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; IL-6, interleukin-6; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; Apo, apolipoprotein.