Table 3.
Hypertension RCT interventions and effects on systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.
| Primary author, year |
Condition | Sample size |
Substance | Plant part |
Extract mode |
Dose | # of doses per day |
Days dose taken |
Mean change in SBP (SD) |
Within group p- value |
Between group p-value |
Mean change in DBP (SD) |
Within group p- values |
Between group p-values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| McKay, 2010 | Hyper | 31(30) | AHFC | W | 1.2/240a | 3 | 42 | 1.3 (10.0) | NS | 0.5 (7.5) | NS | |||
| McKay, 2010 | Hyper | 35(35) | HS | C | W | 2.25/240b | 3 | 42 | 7.2 (11.4) | Red | Dep | 3.1 (7.0) | Red | Dep |
| Haji, 1999 | Hyper | 40(23) | BT | L | W | 2/1c | 1 | 12 | 6.3 (7.7) | Red | 3.5 (6.0) | Red | ||
| Haji, 1999 | Hyper | 40(31) | HS | N/A | W | 2/1c | 1 | 12 | 17.6 (6.8) | Red | Depa | 10.9 (5.4) | Red | Depa |
| Mozaffari-Khosravi, 2009 | Hyper, Diab | 30(26) | BT | L | W | 2/240b | 2 | 30 | 8.4 (11.0) | Inc | 4.6 (11.8) | NS | ||
| Mozaffari-Khosravi, 2009 | Hyper, Diab | 30(27) | HS | C | W | 2/240b | 2 | 30 | 15.4 (7.5) | Red | Dep | 4.3 (12.3) | NS | Dep |
| Herrera-Arellano, 2004 | Hyper | 37(32) | Meda | 25d | 2 | 28 | 16.4 (9.6) | Red | 13.1 (7.2) | Red | ||||
| Herrera-Arellano, 2004 | Hyper | 53(38) | HS | C | W | 9.62e | 1 | 28 | 14.2 (11.8) | Red | NS | 11.2 (6.9) | Red | NS |
| Herrera-Arellano, 2007 | Hyper | 93(N/A) | Medb | 10d | 1 | 28 | 23.3 (7.0) | Red | 15.4 (6.0) | Red | ||||
| Herrera-Arellano, 2007 | Hyper | 100(N/A) | HS | C | W | 250e | 1 | 28 | 17.1 (10.0) | Red | Depb | 12.0 (7.0) | Red | Depb |
Notes: Condition: Hyper=hypertension, Diab=diabetes; Sample size= beginning of study (end of study), N/A=not available; Substance: HS=Hibiscus sabdariffa, AHFC=artificial hibiscus flavor concentrate, BT=Black tea, Med=blood pressure medication,
Captopril,
Lispinopril; Plant part used in extract=F=flower, C=calyx, P=petal L=leaf; Extract mode: W=water, A=alcohol;
Dose: a=mL substance/mL extraction substance;
g substance/mL extraction substance,
spoonfuls of substance/glass of extraction substance,
mg of substance,
mg total anthocyanins; SBP=Systolic blood pressure, DBP=Diastolic blood pressure, SD=standard deviation; Results: NS=not significant,
Dep=depressed, a=more than comparator,
less than comparator, Ele=elevated, Red=reduced, Inc=increased, depressed or elevated used accordingly when values compared with appropriate control, increased or reduced used when values compared between baseline and end of treatment within the same group