Table 2.
Oral health parameters, salivary flow rates and the expression of SLPI mRNA and its salivary protein levels in HIV-infected subjects with and without antiretroviral therapy (ART) and non-HIV individuals.
| Variables | HIV status | ART status of HIV-infected subjects | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-infected subjects (n= 157) |
Non-HIV individuals (n=50) |
P-value | No ART (n=58) |
Short-term ART (<3 yr) (n=45) |
Long-term ART (≥3 yr) (n=54) |
P-value | |
| Presence of oral lesions | |||||||
| Yes | 110 (70%) | 21 (42%) | < 0.001 | 46 (81%) | 26 (57%) | 38 (70%) | 0.029 |
| No | 47 (30%) | 29 (58%) | 11 (19%) | 20 (43%) | 16 (30%) | ||
| Presence of periodontal pockets | |||||||
| Yes | 127 (82%) | 41 (85%) | 0.734 | 51 (89%) | 31 (69%) | 45 (85%) | 0.022 |
| No | 28 (18%) | 7 (15%) | 6 (11%) | 14 (31%) | 8 (15%) | ||
| Presence of bleeding on probing | |||||||
| Yes | 146 (94%) | 46 (96%) | 0.736 | 57 (100%) | 38 (83%) | 51 (96%) | < 0.001 |
| No | 10 (6%) | 2 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 8 (17%) | 2 (4%) | ||
| Salivary flow rates (ml/min) | |||||||
| - Unstimulated saliva | |||||||
| Range | 0.1–0.4 | 0.2–0.6 | < 0.001 | 0.1–0.4 | 0.1–0.3 | 0.1–0.4 | 0.026 |
| Median | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.3 | ||
| - Stimulated saliva | |||||||
| Range | 0.9–2.2 | 1.4–2.7 | < 0.001 | 0.9–2.3 | 0.7–2.1 | 1.2–2.4 | 0.089 |
| Median | 1.5 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.7 | ||
| Expression of SLPI mRNA(µg/ml) | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | 3.07 (1.93) | 2.66 (2.01) | 0.030* | 3.57 (2.40) | 2.63 (1.21) | 2.93 (1.80) | 0.502** |
| Salivary SLPI levels (µg/ml) | |||||||
| - Unstimulated saliva | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | 45.92 (18.93) | 43.73 (18.73) | 0.479* | 47.56 (16.87) | 45.52 (20.23) | 44.46 (20.11) | 0.484** |
| - Stimulated saliva | |||||||
| Mean (SD) | 37.32 (15.71) | 52.11 (22.90) | <0.001* | 43.36 (18.24) | 33.66 (10.04) | 34.31 (15.37) | 0.007** |
*
T test or Wilcoxon rank sum test if non-normally distributed
**
Kruskal-Wallis test