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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Res. 2013 Jan 3;73(5):1524–1535. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-2796

Figure 4. Histology of the invasive edge.

Figure 4

(A) Upregulation of NHE-1 exchangers and GLUT-1 are demonstrated by a darker staining of the tumor cells at the invasive front, consistent with an increase in glycolysis and acidosis. CD31 staining is low, suggesting poor perfusion and hence a potential for hypoxia. Images illustrate a region of the tumor edge (small thin arrows) invading into the peritumoral normal tissue (large arrows). (B) Expression of tumor markers GLUT-1, NHE-1, and CD31 were quantified on a per-cell basis (see Methods). Red indicates strong staining, orange is moderate and yellow is weak.