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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Neurosci. 2012 Dec 6;36(3):195–206. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2012.11.002

Table 1.

Effects of mu and delta opioid receptor (MOR and DOR, respectively) agonists, and kappa opioid receptor (KOR) antagonists, in rodent models of depression a.

Target Compound Activity Species Behavioral
test		 Effect
Opioid
receptors b 		enkephalins &
endorphins [29]		 endogenous
agonists		 rat FS antiD
RB38A & RB38B [30] enkephalinase
inhibitors		 LH antiD
naloxone[31] general
antagonist		 depressant
DOR BUBU[46] agonist rat LH antiD
RB101[46] enkephalinase
inhibitor
RB101[39] enkephalinase
inhibitor		 FS
opiorphin[34] endogenous
enkephalinase
inhibitor
SNC-80 (acute &
chronic); SNC-86;
SNC-162; BW363U86;
DPDPE; deltorphin II;
JOM-13; H-Dmt-Tic-NHCH2-
Bid [32, 33, 35-38,
47]		 agonists
SNC-80[45] agonist olfactory
bulbectomy
UFP-512[48] agonist rat &
mouse		 FS
RB101[41] enkephalinase
inhibitor		 mouse FS, CSM
opiorphin[49] endogenous
enkephalinase
inhibitor		 FS
SNC-80[43] agonist
KNT-127[44] agonist
NIH-11082[40] agonist
MOR morphine[31, 51] agonist rat LH antiD
levorphanol,
methadone,
tramadol[53]		 agonists
opiorphin[49] endogenous
enkephalinase
inhibitor		 mouse TS
codeine, tramadol[51] agonists FS
morphine; codeine;
levorphanol;
methadone;
tramadol[50]		 agonists
KOR nor-BNI[57] antagonist rat LH antiD
nor-BNI; JDTic[55, 56] antagonist FS
U69593[56] agonist depressant
a

Abbreviations: AntiD, antidepressant-like effect; BUBU, Tyr-D.Ser-O-tert-butyl.-Gly-Phe-Leu-ThrO-Tet-butyl-OH; BW363U86, (+)-4-[(R)-[(2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(2-propenyl)-1-piperazinyl]-(3-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-N,N-diethylbenzamide dihydrochloride; DPDPE, Tyr-D-Pen-Gly-Phe-D-Pen; Deltorphin II, Tyr-D-Ala-Phe-Glu-Val-Val-Gly-NH2; JDTic, (3R)-7-hydroxy-N-[(1S)-1-[[(3R,4R)-4-(3-hydroxyphenyl)-3,4-dimethyl-1-piperidinyl]-methyl]-2-methylpropyl]-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3isoquinolinec arboxamide; JOM-13, Tyr-c[D-Cys-Phe-DDPen]OH, a systemically active derivative of DPDPE; NIH-11082, (−)-(1R,5R,9R)-5,9-dimethyl-2′-hydroxy-2-(6-hydroxyhexyl)-6,7-benzomorphan hydrochloride; Nor-BNI, nor-binaltorphimine; RB38A, (R,S)HONH-CO-CH2-CH-(CH2CH6H5)-CONH-CH(CH2-C6H5)-COOH; RB38B, (S,S)HONH-CO-CH2-CH-(CH2C6H5)-CONH-CH-(CH2C6H5)-COOH; RB101, H3N-CH(CH2-CH2-SCH3)-CH2-S-S-CH2-CH(CH2)-CONH-CH(CH2)-COOCH2; SNC-80, ([()-4-[(R)--[(2S,5R)-2,5-dimethyl-4-(2-propenyl)-1-piperazinyl]-(3-methoxyphenyl)-methyl]-N,N-diethylbenzamide; U-69593, [5alpha,7alpha,8beta]-N-methyl-N-[7-[1-pyrrolidinyl]-1-oxaspiro[4.5]dec8-yl]-benzenacetamide; UFP-512, H-Dmt-Tic-NH-CH(CH2-COOH)-Bid.

b

The first row of the table shows general opioid effects, where MOR, DOR or KOR specificity was not addressed.