Table 1.
Hexokinase genes and their physiological function.
| Species | Gene | Accession no | Type/intracellular localization | Physiological function | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EUDICOTS | |||||
| Arabidopsis thaliana | AtHXK1 | AT4G29130 | Type B/M, N | Glc sensing, PCD, mediates sugar and hormonal interactions, growth and development, photosynthetic gene repression, transpiration, actin-filament reorganization, oxidative-stress response, pathogen resistance, directional root growth, leaf senescence | Jang et al. (1997), Dai et al. (1999), Yanagisawa et al. (2003), Moore et al. (2003), Leon and Sheen (2003), Kim et al. (2006), Pourtau et al. (2006), Cho et al. (2006a), Rolland et al. (2006), Chen (2007), Aki et al. (2007), Balasubramanian et al. (2007, 2008), Sarowar et al. (2008), Karve et al. (2008), Ju et al. (2009), Karve et al. (2010), Kushwah et al. (2011), Kelly et al. (2012) |
| AtHXK2 | AT2G19860 | Type B/M | Glc sensing, PCD, photosynthetic gene repression | Jang et al. (1997), Kim et al. (2006), Karve et al. (2008) | |
| AtHXK3 | AT1G47840 | Type A/P | Glc sensing, abiotic stress response | Claeyssen and Rivoal (2007), Karve et al. (2008), Zhang et al. (2010) | |
| AtHKL1 | AT1G50460 | Type B/M | Growth, root hair development, mediates Glc-ethylene crosstalk, abiotic stress response | Claeyssen and Rivoal (2007), Karve et al. (2008), Karve and Moore (2009), Karve et al. (2012) | |
| AtHKL2 | AT3G20040 | Type B/M | Karve et al. (2008) | ||
| AtHKL3 | AT4G37840 | Type B/M | Abiotic stress response | Claeyssen and Rivoal (2007), Karve et al. (2008) | |
| Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) | SlHXK1 | AJ401153 | Type B/M | Damari-Weissler et al. (2006) | |
| SlHXK2 | AF208543 | Type B/M | Menu et al. (2001), Damari-Weissler et al. (2006) | ||
| SlHXK3 | DQ056861 | Type B/M | Kandel-Kfir et al. (2006) | ||
| SlHXK4 | DQ056862 | Type A/P | Kandel-Kfir et al. (2006) | ||
| Solanum chacoense | ScHK2 | DQ177440 | ND | Claeyssen et al. (2006) | |
| Potato (Solanum tuberosum) | StHXK1 | X94302 | ND | Glc sensing, Leaves starch content, | Veramendi et al. (1999), Veramendi et al. (2002) |
| StHXK2 | AF106068 | ND | Glc sensing | Veramendi et al. (2002) | |
| Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum/benthamiana) | NtHXK2 | AY553215 | Type A/P | Giese et al. (2005) | |
| NbHXK1 | AY286011 | Type B/M | Plant growth, PCD, oxidative-stress resistance | Kim et al. (2006), Sarowar et al. (2008) | |
| Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) | HaHXK1 | DQ835563 | ND | Seed development | Troncoso-Ponce et al. (2011) |
| Poplar (Populus trichocarpa) | PtHXK1 | XP_002325031 | Type B/M | Glc sensing | Karve et al. (2010) |
| Grape (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Cabernet Sauvignon) | VvHXK1 | JN118544 | ND | Yu et al. (2012) | |
| VvHXK2 | JN118545 | ND | Yu et al. (2012) | ||
| Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) | SoHXK1 | AF118132 | Type B/M | Wiese et al. (1999), Damari-Weissler et al. (2007) | |
| MONOCOTS | |||||
| Rice (Oryza sativa) | OsHXK1 | DQ116383 | Type C/C, N | Cho et al. (2006a), Cheng et al. (2011) | |
| OsHXK2 | DQ116384 | Type B/M | Cheng et al. (2011) | ||
| OsHXK3 | DQ116385 | Type B/M | Cheng et al. (2011) | ||
| OsHXK4 | DQ116386 | Type A/P | Cho et al. (2006a), Cheng et al. (2011) | ||
| OsHXK5 | DQ116387 | Type B/M, N | Glc sensing, photosynthetic gene repression, Shoot growth | Cho et al. (2009a), Cheng et al. (2011) | |
| OsHXK6 | DQ116388 | Type B/M, N | Glc sensing, photosynthetic gene repression, Shoot growth | Aki and Yanagisawa (2009), Cho et al. (2009a), Cheng et al. (2011) | |
| OsHXK7 | DQ116389 | Type C/C, N | Cho et al. (2006a), Cheng et al. (2011) | ||
| OsHXK8 | DQ116390 | Type C/C, N | Cheng et al. (2011) | ||
| OsHXK9 | DQ116391 | Type B/M | Cheng et al. (2011) | ||
| OsHXK10 | DQ116392 | C and/or M | Pollen germination | Xu et al. (2008), Cheng et al. (2011) | |
| Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) | SbHXK3 | XP_002459072 | Type B/M | No Glc sensing role | Karve et al. (2010) |
| SbHXK8 | XP_002455027 | C | Karve et al. (2010) | ||
| Wheat (Triticum aestivum) | HXK | AY974231 | ND | Controls triose-phosphate/phosphate translocation | Sun et al. (2006) |
| LYCOPHYTES | |||||
| Spike moss (Selaginella mollendorffii) | SmHXK3 | 26000047* | C | Glc sensing | Karve et al. (2010) |
| SmHXK5 | 57.357.1* | C | Karve et al. (2010) | ||
| BRYOPHYTES | |||||
| Moss (Physcomitrella patens) | PpHXK1 | AY260967 | Type A/P | Filamentous type and growth | Olsson et al. (2003), Thelander et al. (2005) |
| PpHXK2 | XM_001784578 | Type B/M, P | Nilsson et al. (2011) | ||
| PpHXK3 | XM_001784282 | Type B/M, P | Nilsson et al. (2011) | ||
| PpHXK4 | XM_001760896 | Type C/C, N | Nilsson et al. (2011) | ||
| PpHXK5 | XM_001766381 | Type A/P | Nilsson et al. (2011) | ||
| PpHXK6 | XM_001762899 | Type A/P | Nilsson et al. (2011) | ||
| PpHXK7 | XM_001754096 | Type B/M, P | Nilsson et al. (2011) | ||
| PpHXK8 | XM_001752177 | Type B/M, P | Nilsson et al. (2011) | ||
| PpHXK9 | XM_001770125 | Type D/M | Nilsson et al. (2011) | ||
| PpHXK10 | XM_001776713 | Type D/M | Nilsson et al. (2011) | ||
| PpHXK11 | XM_001779426 | Type D/M, P | Nilsson et al. (2011) | ||
Type A, localized in plastid stroma; Type B, associated with the mitochondria; Type C, localized in the cytosol and nucleus; Type D, associated with the mitochondria, different from type B in sequence; M, mitochondria-associated; P, plastid; N, nucleus; C, cytosol; ND, not determined; PCD, programmed cell death; Glc, glucose.
*Joint Genome Institute- Selaginella moellendorffii v1.0 database (http://genome.jgi-psf.org/Selmo1/Selmo1.home.html).