18Co CM-induced TER-reducing effects are specific to KGF and EGFR ligands. Polarized Caco-2 cells were treated with CTL medium or 18Co CM with or without an anti-KGF neutralizing antibody (A), an anti-EGFR blocking antibody (528 mAb) (B), or both (C). (A) Addition of an anti-KGF antibody to CTL medium had no effect on Caco-2 TER, while addition of an anti-KGF antibody to 18Co CM attenuated the TER-reducing effect of 18Co CM alone. Data shown are mean ± S.E. of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, compared to TER in 18Co CM. †p < 0.05, compared to TER in CTL medium. (B) Addition of 528 mAb to CTL medium and 18Co CM enhanced Caco-2 TER, although 18Co CM containing 528 mAb did not increase TER to the level of CTL medium with 528 mAb. Data shown are mean ± S.E. of three independent experiments. #p < 0.05, compared to TER in 18Co CM. *p < 0.05, compared to TER in CTL medium. †p < 0.05, compared to TER in CTL medium. (C) Addition of both an anti-KGF antibody and 528 mAb to CTL medium had similar effects on Caco-2 TER as that of CTL medium with 528 mAb alone. Addition of both an anti-KGF antibody and 528 mAb to 18Co CM increased Caco-2 TER to levels similar to those observed with CTL medium containing both antibodies. Data shown are mean ± S.E. of three independent experiments. #p < 0.05, compared to TER in 18Co CM. *p < 0.05, compared to TER in CTL. †p < 0.05, compared to TER in CTL medium. Values are normalized to the average of plateaued TER values (from day five to day nine) after polarization of Caco-2 cells in CTL medium.