Table 2.
Waterborne pathogens implicated in outbreaks following extreme water-related weather events identified from the scientific literature (6 May 2010) and ProMED reports (12 May 2010)
| Waterborne pathogen | No. (%)* of times reported | |
|---|---|---|
| Scientific literature | ProMED reports | |
| All viruses | 19 (25·7) | 5 (2·4) |
| Hepatitis virus | 7 (9·5) | 3 (1·4) |
| Hepatitis A virus | 4 (5·4) | 2 (0·9) |
| Hepatitis E virus | 2 (2·7) | 1 (0·5) |
| Hepatitis virus: type unknown | 1 (1·4) | — |
| Norovirus | 6 (8·1) | 1 (0·5) |
| Rotavirus | 3 (4·1) | 1 (0·5) |
| Adenovirus | 2 (2·7) | — |
| Enterovirus | 1 (1·4) | — |
| All bacteria | 66 (89·1) | 198 (93·8) |
| Vibrio spp. | 21 (28·4) | 145 (68·7) |
| Vibrio cholerae | 20 (27·0) | 137 (64·9) |
| Other Vibrio spp. | 2 (2·7) | 8 (3·8) |
| Leptospira spp. | 13 (17·6) | 36 (17·1) |
| Leptospira interrogans | 4 (5·4) | — |
| Leptospira sp. not known | 9 (12·2) | 36 (17·1) |
| Campylobacter spp. | 10 (13·5) | 3 (1·4) |
| Campylobacter jejuni | 6 (8·1) | — |
| Campylobacter sp. not known | 4 (5·4) | 3 (1·4) |
| Escherichia coli | 9 (12·2) | 9 (4·3) |
| Shigella spp. | 4 (5·4) | — |
| Shigella flexneri | 2 (2·7) | — |
| Shigella boydii | 2 (2·7) | — |
| Salmonella spp. | 3 (4·1) | 5 (2·4) |
| Salmonella typhi | 1 (1·4) | 4 (1·9) |
| Salmonella sp. unknown | 2 (2·7) | 1 (0·5) |
| Burkholderia pseudomallei | 3 (4·1) | 9 (4·3) |
| Yersinia enterocolitica | 2 (2·7) | — |
| Aeromonas spp. | 1 (1·4) | — |
| All protozoa | 16 (21·6) | 12 (5·7) |
| Cryptosporidium spp. | 9 (12·2) | 3 (1·4) |
| Cryptosporidium parvum | 2 (2·7) | — |
| Cryptosporidium sp. not known | 7 (9·5) | 3 (1·4) |
| Giardia lambia | 5 (6·8) | — |
| Acanthamoeba spp. | 1 (1·4) | — |
| Cyclospora spp. | 1 (1·4) | — |
*
Percentage of either 74 outbreak accounts or 211 ProMED reports reporting the pathogens involved.