TABLE 2.
Insulin sensitivity (Si), insulin-independent glucose disposal (Sg), insulin response to glucose (AIRg), Revised Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (RQUICKI), and weight at baseline [high–saturated fatty acid and high–glycemic index (HS/HGI) diet] and at follow-up after 24 wk of different dietary treatments1
| HS/HGI | HM/HGI | HM/LGI | LF/HGI | LF/LGI | P | |
| Weight (kg)2 | ||||||
| Baseline [median (IQR)] | 79.5 (69.9, 87.8) | 80.5 (70.0, 92.1) | 83.7 (69.6, 93.1) | 80.7 (71.4, 91.4) | 79.4 (70.1, 91.8) | — |
| Follow-up [median (IQR)] | 79.8 (71.0, 88.4) | 78.3 (70.1, 92.4) | 83.9 (70.0, 93.9) | 80.4 (72.1, 90.0) | 78.1 (69.4, 90.1) | — |
| Percentage change [mean (95% CI)] | +0.4 (−0.3, 1.0) | −0.5 (−1.0, 0.0) | +0.2 (−0.2, 0.6) | −1.1 (−1.6, −0.6) | −1.1 (−1.7, −0.5) | 0.0013 |
| Si (×10minus4 mL · μUminus1 · minminus1)4 | ||||||
| Baseline [median (IQR)] | 2.92 (2.00, 4.39) | 2.59 (1.86, 3.50) | 2.71 (1.77, 3.97) | 2.87 (2.00, 4.46) | 2.36 (1.84, 3.79) | — |
| Follow-up [median (IQR)] | 2.69 (2.14, 3.77) | 2.53 (1.80, 3.67) | 2.45 (1.59, 3.81) | 2.56 (1.87, 3.54) | 2.58 (1.97, 4.65) | — |
| Percentage change [mean (95% CI)] | −4.1 (−12.7, 5.3) | +2.1 (−5.8, 10.7) | −3.5 (−10.6, 4.3) | −8.6 (−15.4, −1.1) | +9.9 (2.4, 18.0) | 0.133 and 0.215 |
| Sg (× 10minus3/min)6 | ||||||
| Baseline [median (IQR)] | 16 (12, 19) | 16 (13, 19) | 16 (14, 19) | 17 (13, 19) | 17 (13, 19) | — |
| Follow-up [median (IQR)] | 15 (13, 19) | 16 (13, 19) | 16 (13, 20) | 17 (14, 20) | 17 (13, 20) | — |
| Percentage change [mean (95% CI)] | +2.1 (−5.5, 9.8) | −2.0 (−9.2, 5.2) | +1.9 (−5.3, 9.2) | +4.9 (−2.8, 12.6) | +0.2 (−5.8, 6.3) | 0.833 and 0.815 |
| AIRg (mL · μUminus1 · minminus1)7 | ||||||
| Baseline [median (IQR)] | 387 (228, 632) | 412 (242, 694) | 366 (262, 595) | 362 (216, 692) | 390 (234, 607) | — |
| Follow-up [median (IQR)] | 411 (248, 687) | 482 (286, 708) | 446 (283, 672) | 403 (216, 612) | 376 (221, 644) | — |
| Percentage change [mean (95% CI)] | +7.6 (−2.5, 18.3) | +10.8 (3.4, 18.5) | +2.4 (−5.4, 10.6) | −0.1 (−7.5, 7.7) | +0.9 (−6.2, 8.3) | 0.833 and 0.815 |
| RQUICKI (arbitrary units)8 | ||||||
| Baseline [median (IQR)] | 0.37 (0.35, 0.40) | 0.37 (0.35, 0.39) | 0.37 (0.35, 0.40) | 0.38 (0.36, 0.41) | 0.37 (0.34, 0.41) | — |
| Follow-up [median (IQR)] | 0.37 (0.35, 0.42) | 0.38 (0.35, 0.41) | 0.37 (0.34, 0.41) | 0.38 (0.36, 0.41) | 0.38 (0.35, 0.42) | — |
| Percentage change [mean (95% CI)] | +1.4 (−0.4, 3.3) | +1.1 (−0.5, 2.8) | +1.0 (−0.5, 2.6) | +0.5 (−1.1, 2.1) | +1.8 (0.3, 3.3) | 0.933 and 0.945 |
HM/HGI, high–monounsaturated fatty acid and HGI diet; HM/LGI, HM and low–glycemic index diet; LF/HGI, low-fat and HGI diet; LF/LGI, LF and LGI diet; IQR, interquartile range. Transformations: log(Si), cube root(AIRg), and reciprocal RQUICKI. Outliers were removed. Mean (95% CI) changes were calculated on a transformed scale but expressed as percentage changes from median values at baseline.
n = 85 (HS/HGI), 110 (HM/HG), 115 (HM/LGI), 111 (LF/HGI), and 117 (LF/LGI).
From ANCOVA of transformed follow-up measures on transformed baseline measures adjusted for sex, center, ethnicity, and baseline waist circumference, (log)HDL, and age.
n = 79 (HS/HGI), 103 (HM/HG), 100 (HM/LGI), 108 (LF/HGI), and 108 (LF/LGI).
Adjusted for weight change.
n = 76 (HS/HGI), 99 (HM/HG), 101 (HM/LGI), 104 (LF/HGI), and 105 (LF/LGI).
n = 79 (HS/HGI), 104 (HM/HG), 97 (HM/LGI), 108 (LF/HGI), and 104 (LF/LGI).
n = 79 (HS/HGI), 105 (HM/HG), 102 (HM/LGI), 111 (LF/HGI), and 110 (LF/LGI).