Figure 1. Vancomycin treatment in early life but not exclusively in utero exacerbates allergic asthma. (A) Total cellular infiltrates from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of control or vancomycin-treated mice challenged with ovalbumin (OVA) or PBS. (B) Eosinophil and (C) neutrophil numbers in the BAL quantified by cytospin. (D) Total pathological scores and representative hematoxylin and eosin stained lung sections. Scale bar, 300 μm. All assessments were made on day 26. The data are shown as means of 4−6 mice per group ± SEM. Statistics shown are based on comparisons to OVA-challenged controls. IU, in utero; PN, perinatal; LL, lifelong; Vanc, vancomycin; BALF, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, n.d. = none detected.