Table 3. Costs and paediatric outcomes from preventing mother to child transmission programmatic interventions for 18 months of prophylaxis and treatment* (US $ 2010).
| Current Practice | Option A | Option B | Option B+ | |
| Programmatic Activity | ||||
| HIV testing and counseling | $ 139,789.7 | $ 232,750 | $ 232,750 | $ 232,750 |
| CD4 Testing | $ 455,314.9 | $ 1,197,000 | $ 1,197,000 | $ 0** |
| Cost of ARVs for prophylaxis and treatment (including monitoring) | $ 2,984,,445.2 | $ 8,860,309.6 | $ 17,725,341.8 | $ 17,725,341.8 |
| Infant prophylaxis | $ 39,523.4 | $ 844,603.2 | $ 97,454.2 | $ 97,454.2 |
| Early infant diagnosis | $ 0.0 | $ 1,906,222.5 | $ 1,906,222.5 | $ 1,906,222.5 |
| Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis | $ 53,521.2 | $ 131,969.3 | $ 131,969.3 | $ 131,969.3 |
| Total PMTCT programme cost (18 months) | $ 3,672,594.3 | $ 13,172,854.6 | $ 21,290,737.8 | $ 20,093,737.5 |
| Pediatric outcomes | ||||
| Number of infants infected*** | 16,179 | 5,075 | 4,684 | 4,684 |
| Number of infections averted | 4,503 | 15,606 | 15,997 | 15,997 |
| Lifetime costs of averted ART and hospital care among children | $ 14,385,762 | $ 49,861,725 | $ 51,110,042 | $ 51,110,042 |
| DALYS averted | 101,308 | 351,139 | 359,930 | 359,930 |
| Cost-effectiveness ratios | ||||
| Cost per infection averted | $ 816 | $ 844 | $ 1,331 | $ 1,265 |
| Cost per DALY averted | $ 37 | $ 37 | $ 60 | $ 57 |
| ICER per DALY (compared to the current practice) | $ 38 | $ 68 | $ 64 |
*
Assumes 663,000 pregnant women, 66,500 HIV-infected pregnant women annually, and 90% (59,850) of those women reached by Option A, B and B+.
**
Assumes no needed CD4 to start ART under the Malawi Option B+ approach; however, in practice some HIV-infected pregnant women will have access to CD4 testing as part of staging and response to treatment
***
Background infections if no ARV interventions = 20,681