. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Dec 1.

Published in final edited form as: Asian Am J Psychol. 2011 Aug 22;3(4):230–253. doi: 10.1037/a0025628

Table 4.

Differential Item Functioning of the Chinese American Depression Scale (CADS-47) by Education, English, and Years in U.S.: Ease of Endorsability and Effect Size

No.	Item	Education	English	Years in U.S.
Easier to endorse for more acculturated
32	respect^SOC	0.420	0.412
2	stress^PSY	0.318
20	interest^PSY	0.300	0.216
31	heart^SOM	0.238
38	appetite^SOM	0.224
1	fatigued^SOM	0.222
28	talk^SOC	0.220	0.246^a
42	suicidal^PSY		0.616
41	self-harm^PSY		*0.452*	0.270
40	psychosis^PSY			0.526
34	face^SOC			0.416
9	memory^SOM			0.216
Easier to endorse for less acculturated
36	burden^SOC/PSY	0.552
40	psychosis^PSY	0.418
19	thinking^SOM	0.322	0.318
22	ability-fear^SOM/SOC	0.254	0.250
13	ruminate^PSY	0.252
17	as-good^SOC	0.242
25	bodyaches^SOM	0.236
30	meaning^SOC/PSY	0.232
5	ability-loss^SOM		0.570
26	useless^SOC/PSY		0.288
12	fate^SOC/PSY		0.230
27	hopeless^SOC/PSY		0.222
15	decisions^SOM			0.418
7	bored^PSY			0.366
2	stress^PSY			0.312
14	lonely^SOC			0.284
23	angry^PSY			0.282

Note. Effect sizes are in logits. Bolded text indicates a large effect size that is greater than .638 logits. Bolded and italicized text indicates an intermediate effect size that is .426–.638 logits. PSY = Psychological; SOM = Somatic; SOC = Social.