Table 2:

The results of the multivariate logistic regression analyses for academic performance in relation to breakfast frequency per week in healthy Korean adolescents

Frequency of breakfast consumption per week		Below-average academic performance Vs. Average academic performance or higher
		Case	ß	S.E.	OR	95% CI	P-value
Male adolescents	No breakfast per week	5,162	Ref
	1 day	1,974	0.004	0.061	1.004	0.891–1.132	0.945
	2 days	2,383	−0.088	0.062	0.915	0.811–1.034	0.153
	3 days	2,579	−0.074	0.063	0.928	0.821–1.050	0.237
	4 days	2,119	0.083	0.061	1.087	0.963–1.226	0.176
	5 days	3,286	0.229	0.060	1.258	1.117–1.416	<001***
	6 days	3,606	0.388	0.055	1.473	1.321–1.643	<001***
	Every day	16,791	0.531	0.039	1.700	1.575–1.835	<001***
Female adolescents	No breakfast per week	4,187	Ref
	1 day	2,174	0.065	0.066	1.068	0.938–1.214	0.320
	2 days	2,626	0.131	0.060	1.140	1.012–1.284	0.031*
	3 days	2,874	0.165	0.057	1.179	1.055–1.318	0.004**
	4 days	2,435	0.292	0.061	1.339	1.187–1.510	<001***
	5 days	3,789	0.371	0.059	1.449	1.290–1.628	<001***
	6 days	4,386	0.570	0.059	1.768	1.575–1.985	<001***
	Every day	15,299	0.653	0.044	1.922	1.762–2.097	<001***

S.E; Standard Error, OR; Odd Ratio, CI; Confidence Interval

^*P<0.05,

^**P<0.01,

^***P<0.001; tested by multivariable logistic regression analysis after adjusting for covariates such as age, body mass index, frequency of smoking, frequency of drinking, parents’ education level, family economic status, frequency of vigorous PA, frequency of moderate PA, frequency of muscular strength exercises, and level of mental stress