Table 2.
Progress in ESC-derived cortical interneurons and their transplantation in vivo.
| Author | Species | Differentiation | Strategy | Growth factors | In vitro | In vivo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Goulburn et al., 2011 | Human | Spin EBs | NKX2.1 reporter | FGF2 and RA | Appropriate progenitor markers GABAergic neurons, PV, SST expression. Electrophysiology and migration | Migration capacity and expressed GABA |
| Cambray et al., 2012 | Human and mouse | Adherent monolayer | Activin | CGE markers, CR neurons | Bipolar orientated cells in cortex | |
| Maisano et al., 2012 | Mouse | Adherent monolayer | Sox1 Reporter | HH agonist | CR and CB expression | TLE model, PV, CR, CB, small effect on mossy fiber sprouting, electrophysiology |
| Maroof et al., 2010 | Mouse | EBs | Lxh6 reporter | SHH, IGF, FGF2 | Interneuron precursor expression, | Migration in cortex, PV, SST Electrophysiology, 9 month survival. |
| Danjo et al., 2011 | Mouse | Spin EBs | Foxg1 reporter | SHH, FGF8 vs. FGF15/19 | Nkx2.1 expression, PV, SST, NPY, CR | Slice culture migration |
| Ma et al., 2012 | Human | EBs | Shh | Nkx2.1, Gsx2 | ||
| Li et al., 2009 | Human | EBs | Gli3 RNAi | Shh, Dkk1 | Nkx2.1, Gsh2, Isl1, GAD67 | |
| Watanabe et al., 2007 | Human | EBs | Shh | Nkx2.1 | ||
| Watanabe et al., 2005 | Mouse | EBs | Dkk1, LeftyA, Shh | Nkx2.1, Gsx2, Isl1 | ||
| Gaspard et al., 2008 | Mouse | Adherent monolayer | Endogenous Shh in basal conditions | Nkx2.1, multipolar cells, inhibitory synaptic activity |
Details of species of ESCs used, differentiation technique and precise strategies and the results both in vivo and in vitro are given. Abbreviations: EB, embryoid body; HH, hedgehog; PV, Parvalbumin; SST, Somatostatin; CGE, caudal ganglionic eminence; CR, calretinin; CB, Calbindin; NPY, neuropeptide Y; TLE, temporal lobe epilepsy.