Fig. 5.

Venography in a 36-year-old man with chronic occlusion of the right iliac veins and subtotal occlusion of the left iliac veins and the IVC. The right deep femoral vein appeared to be normal on MR-angiography.

With contrast injection directly into the right deep femoral vein, the post-thrombotic changes and septation of the proximal part of the deep femoral vein are revealed. Angioplasty and stent-placement across the inguinal ligament will be needed to provide sufficient inflow after recanalization of the chronically obstructed iliac veins and IVC.