Table 3. Expression levels of cytokines in the duodenum and ileum of hLZ-fed (n = 10) and control-fed animals (n = 12).

Gene name	Area of the gut	B-actin adjusted CT value		P value	Fold change in expression
		Control milk	hLZ-milk
IL-8	Duodenum	32.74	32.94	0.226	NA
	Ileum	32.51	33.66	0.027*	.905 ↓
IFN-γ	Duodenum	32.33	32.38	0.670	NA
	Ileum	32.46	32.32	0.256	NA
TNF-α	Duodenum	32.55	32.65	0.269	NA
	Ileum	32.38	32.60	0.715	NA
IL-17	Duodenum	33.28	33.73	0.606	NA
	Ileum	33.32	33.76	0.617	NA
IL-10	Duodenum	32.46	32.87	0.541	NA
	Ileum	33.61	34.02	0.705	NA
TGF-β	Duodenum	35.60	36.01	0.839	NA
	Ileum	35.59	36.09	0.812	NA
Foxp3	Duodenum	29.55	29.47	0.430	NA
	Ileum	28.33	28.51	0.834	NA

^*Indicates significant differences between control-milk and hLZ-milk groups, p<0.05.