Table 1. Chromosome 21 genes implicated in the pathogenesis of DS phenotypes.

DS Phenotype	Implicated Hsa21 Genes	References
Learning and Memory	DOPEY2	Rachidi et al., 2009[49]
	DSCAM	Yu et al., 2009[50]
	DYRK1A	Altafaj et al., 2001[30]
	SIM2	Meng et al., 2006[48]
	SYNJ1	Voronov et al., 2008[29]
Neurodevelopment	PREP1	Micali et al., 2010[59]
	TTC3	Suizu et al., 2009[60]
Alzheimer's Disease	APP	Rovelet-Lecrux et al., 2006[88];
		Sleegars et al., 2006[89];
		Cabrejo et al., 2006[90];
		Salehi et al., 2006[92];
		Cataldo et al., 2003[97];
		Jiang et al., 2009[100]
	DYRK1A	Ryoo et al., 2007[102];
		Ryoo et al., 2008[103];
		Liu et al., 2008[105];
	ITSN1	Chang & Min, 2009[101]
	RCAN1	Chang & Min, 2009[101]
	SYNJ1	Voronov et al., 2008[29];
		Chang & Min, 2009[101]
Cancer and Leukemia	ERG	Ng et al., 2009[133]
	ETS2	Sussan et al., 2008[141]
	RCAN1	Baek et al., 2009[142]
	RUNX1	Edwards et al., 2009[136]
Heart Defects	Region between	Korbel et al., 2009[14]
	DSCAM-ZNF295	Korbel et al., 2009[14]