Table 2.

Root-mean-square errors (RMSE) and R² values for medial, lateral, and total contact forces over the gait cycle for the two trials selected for each competition. Calculations compare contact force predictions submitted by competitors with experimentally measured contact forces. Average RMSE and R² values for both trials are also presented. In 2012, competitors were asked to submit both blinded and unblinded predictions, and the judges selected two co-winners (2012a and 2012b). The lowest RMSE and highest R² values for medial, lateral, and total contact force are highlighted in bold text for the blinded predictions for each trial and the average.

			2010 [5] (Blinded)	2011 [6] (Blinded)	2012a [7] (Blinded)	2012a [7] (Unblinded)	2012b [8] (Blinded)	2012b [8] (Unblinded)
Trial 1	Medial Force (N)	RMSE	213	293	237	130	285	216
	R2	0.82	0.58	0.91	0.95	0.87	0.88
	Lateral Force (N)	RMSE	259	217	144	173	243	112
	R2	0.10	0.47	0.44	0.03	0.46	0.45
	Total Force (N)	RMSE	404	335	268	262	262	275
R2	0.70	0.69	0.89	0.84	0.85	0.82
Trial 2	Medial Force (N)	RMSE	246	330	351	291	330	242
	R2	0.81	0.43	0.73	0.83	0.80	0.91
	Lateral Force (N)	RMSE	393	384	332	288	241	198
	R2	0.05	0.14	0.66	0.54	0.70	0.88
	Total Force (N)	RMSE	477	530	608	529	483	285
R2	0.76	0.45	0.73	0.77	0.80	0.94
Average	Medial Force (N)	RMSE	229	312	294	210	308	229
	R2	0.82	0.50	0.82	0.89	0.83	0.89
	LateralForce (N)	RMSE	326	301	238	231	242	155
	R2	0.08	0.30	0.55	0.29	0.58	0.66
	Total Force (N)	RMSE	440	432	438	395	372	280
R2	0.73	0.57	0.81	0.81	0.82	0.88