Table 3. Clinical and socio-demographic correlates of any soil transmitted helminth infection in Wolaita zone, Southern Ethiopia.
| Variables | Any Soil-transmitted helminth infection | Univariate Association | Multivariate Association | |
| Yes | No | OR (95% CI ) | OR(95%CI) † | |
| Podoconiosis Status | ||||
| Patients | 322 | 355 | 1.83 (1.34–2.50)* | 1.81 (1.29–2.54)* |
| Controls | 78 | 158 | 1 | 1 |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 198 | 233 | 1.17 (0.90–1.53) | 0.844(0.53–1.33) |
| Female | 202 | 280 | 1 | 1 |
| Age group | ||||
| 15–24 | 47 | 61 | 0.79 (0.47–1.32) | 0.96 (0.42–2.21) |
| 25–34 | 81 | 127 | 0.65 (0.42–1.02) | 0.70 (0.36–1.35) |
| 35–44 | 136 | 175 | 0.80 (0.53–1.20) | 0.71 (0.38–1.34) |
| 45–54 | 71 | 83 | 0.88 (0.55–1.40) | 0.78 (0.39–1.58) |
| 55 and above | 65 | 67 | 1 | |
| Educational status (n = 434) | ||||
| Illiterate | 115 | 106 | 1.19 (0.61–2.31) | 1.17 (0.54–2.55) |
| Primary school (1–8) | 79 | 92 | 0.94 (0.48–1.85) | 0.89 (0.42–1.89) |
| Secondary school completed | 20 | 22 | 1 | |
| Occupation (n = 434) | ||||
| Farmer | 133 | 76 | 4.03 (1.98–8.20)* | 3.88 (1.84–8.59)* |
| Housewife | 45 | 74 | 1.40 (0.66–2.96) | 1.20 (0.53–2.67) |
| Merchant | 23 | 40 | 1.32 (0.57–3.03) | 1.43 (0.60–3.38) |
| Others | 13 | 30 | 1 | 1 |
| Shoe wearing history | ||||
| Never | 124 | 161 | 1.96 (1.34–2.85)* | 2.45 (1.37–4.38)* |
| Sometimes | 214 | 194 | 2.81 (1.97–3.99)* | 3.40 (1.99–5.80)* |
| Always | 62 | 158 | 1 | 1 |
| Stage of disease ** (n = 677) | ||||
| Stage III | 30 | 40 | 0.71 (0.42–1.19) | 1.05 (0.50–2.20) |
| Stage II | 100 | 132 | 0.72 (0.51–1.04 | 1.26 (0.65–2.75) |
| Stage I | 192 | 183 | 1 | |
†
Multivariate logistic regression adjusting for clinical status, sex, age, education, occupation, shoe wearing habit and stage of disease.
*
Statistically significant (P<0.05).
**
Data on stage of disease were available only for podoconiosis patients.