Table 3.
Differences in clinical characteristics between survivors and non survivors (Univariate analysis)
| Clinical features | Survivors (n = 93) | Non survivors (n = 96) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Demographic factors |
|
|
|
| Mean age |
59.3 ± 18.6 |
61.0 ±17.4 |
0.52 |
| ≥ 65 years age |
48 (52%) |
52 (54%) |
0.73 |
| Gender male/female |
55/38 |
55/41 |
0.79 |
|
ATS major criteria |
|
|
|
| Use of mechanical ventilation |
18 (19%) |
29 (30%) |
0.08 |
| Septic shock |
23 (25%) |
59 (61%) |
< 0.001 |
|
History |
|
|
|
| Prior antibiotic use |
14 (15%) |
26 (27%) |
0.04 |
| Comorbids |
76 (82%) |
84 (88%) |
0.27 |
|
Physical examination findings |
|
||
| Blood pressure ≤ 90/60 mmHg |
25 (27%) |
30 (31%) |
0.51 |
| Pulse ≥ 120/min |
32 (34%) |
37 (39%) |
0.55 |
| Respiratory Rate 30/min |
56 (60%) |
57 (59%) |
0.95 |
|
Laboratory findings |
|
|
|
| Blood urea nitrogen ≥ 30 mg/dl |
44 (47%) |
59 (61%) |
0.03 |
| Creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL |
48 (52%) |
53 (55%) |
0.25 |
| Hematocrit <30% |
22 (24%) |
37 (39%) |
0.03 |
| Na <130 mmol/L |
22 (24%) |
28 (29%) |
0.39 |
| Arterial pH <7.35 |
28 (30%) |
32 (33%) |
0.63 |
|
Radiographic findings |
|
|
|
| Pleural effusion |
32 (34%) |
38 (40%) |
0.46 |
| Bilateral involvement |
36 (39%) |
53 (55%) |
0.07 |
| Multilobar involvement |
28 (30%) |
38 (40%) |
0.22 |
|
Mean APACHE II score |
19.1 ±6.0 |
28.2 ±7.0 |
<0.001 |
| APACHE II score ≥ 20 | 38 (41%) | 80 (83.0%) | <0.001 |