Table 4.
Distribution of chemokines and other proteins levels in the study subjects stratified by Plasmodium vivax malaria clinical outcome
|
Biomaker |
Endemic controls |
Asymptomatic malaria |
Symptomatic malaria |
Severe malaria: Survivors |
Severe malaria: Deaths |
P value |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1 |
2 |
||||||
| n=176 | n=148 | n=187 | n=13 | n=6 | |||
| CCL2 |
86.0 |
85.2 |
65.8 |
64.7 |
87.9 |
0.117 |
0.207 |
| ng/mL |
(21-176) |
(18-161.6) |
(23.0-145.6) |
(43-127) |
(34.7-139) |
||
| CCL5 |
27.0 |
24.4 |
25. 3 |
26.1 |
36.7 |
0.007 |
0.156 |
| μg/mL |
(15-45.7) |
(13.4-38) |
(15.8-70.2) |
(20-38.7) |
(25.4-83.2) |
||
| CXCL9 |
0.3 |
0.5 |
2.2 |
3.5 |
4.6 |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| ng/mL |
(0.2-0.5) |
(0.3-0.8) |
(0.4-9.4) |
(0. 6-12.5) |
(0.8-9.9) |
||
| CXCL10 |
88.0 |
19.4 |
77.4 |
117.7 |
183.3 |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| pg/mL |
(25-198) |
(10.2-25.0) |
(25.3-360.7) |
(28-564) |
(30.0-395.5) |
||
| sTNF-RI |
0.2 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
0.8 |
2.2 |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| ng/mL |
(0.1-0.4) |
(0.4-0.6) |
(0.4-0.7) |
(0.7-0.9) |
(1.7-3.1) |
||
| SOD-1 |
4.2 |
6.0 |
26.0 |
72.6 |
82.4 |
<0.001 |
<0.001 |
| ng/mL |
(2.6-6.8) |
(3.6-10) |
(18.8-34.0) |
(71-80.4) |
(76.6-100.5) |
||
| HO-1 |
29.1 |
29.5 |
35.5 |
42.9 |
49.2 |
<0.001 | <0.001 |
| ng/mL | (25.8-32) | (26.3-35.2) | (29.7-44.8) | (38.5-45) | (48.4-57.3) |
Note: Data represent median values and interquartile ranges. P value 1 was obtained using Kruskal-Wallis test, whereas P value 2 was calculated using Linear trend post test.