Table 3.
Genes highly induced in nodules after extended dark periods.
| Gene | Lotus gene ID | Expression ratio versus control | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 24h/N. Ph. | 72h/N. Ph. | |||
| Other carbohydrate metabolism | ||||
| Trehalase 1 | TC18454 | 1.88 | 2.97 | 0.007 |
| Beta-fructofuranosidase | TC16805 | 1.76 | 3.56 | 0.039 |
| Pentose phosphate pathway | ||||
| Ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase, chloroplast precursor | TC7925 | 3.27 | 2.09 | 0.004 |
| TCA cycle | ||||
| Aconitase (aconitate hydratase) (citrate hydrolyase) | TC14176 | 8.80 | 3.80 | 0.002 |
| Cytosolic aconitase | TC15109 | 3.09 | 2.06 | 0.011 |
| Ammonium assimilation | ||||
| NADH glutamate dehydrogenase | TC10856 | 6.97 | 40.99 | 0.004 |
| Asparagine synthase | TC14104 | 12.16 | 19.19 | 0.031 |
| Other amino acid metabolism | ||||
| Ornithine aminotransferase | TC8388 | 6.31 | 7.78 | 0.007 |
| Proline dehydrogenase | TC7863 | 4.51 | 10.84 | <0.001 |
| Other metabolism | ||||
| 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (4HPPD) | TC8682 | 3.51 | 4.93 | 0.037 |
| Cytochrome P450, isoflavone synthase | TC14262 | 1.76 | 3.16 | 0.013 |
| Chalcone isomerase | NP591666 | 4.05 | 4.47 | <0.001 |
| Isoflavone reductase | TC7899 | 1.89 | 5.52 | <0.001 |
| Trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase | TC14933 | 1.57 | 2.83 | 0.046 |
| Putative oxidoreductase | TC14685 | 0.81 | 4.10 | 0.026 |
| NAD-dependent sorbitol dehydrogenase | TC17752 | 8.46 | 3.33 | 0.004 |
Gene expression in L. japonicus nodules harvested from plants grown under normal photoperiod (N. Ph.), or subjected to 24h and 72h continuous darkness, respectively. Transcript levels of these genes increased significantly (>2-fold, P < 0.05) under extended dark conditions and are marked in bold. The numbers indicate ratios of gene expression after 24h and 72h continuous darkness versus expression in the normal photoperiod (control). The P-value represents the level of significance between the relative gene expression levels (ANOVA).