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. 2013 Feb 26;11:25. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-11-25

Table 3.

Bivariate and multivariate linear regression models showing association of Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) with Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need-Dental Health Component (IOTN-DHC) and other covariates

 
 Bivariate analysis
 Multivariate analysis
  Estimates SE R2 Estimates SE
IOTN-DHC
  
  
  
  
  
Intercept
 15.239
 1.37***
 0.16
  
  
No treatment need
 Reference Group
  
 Reference Group
Little treatment need
 4.97
 1.84**
 4.77
 1.79**
Borderline treatment need
 8.88
 1.88***
 9.03
 1.83***
High Treatment need
 14.27
 1.85***
  
 14.41
 1.80***
Sex
  
  
  
  
  
Intercept
 21.9
 0.90***
 0.003
  
  
Male
 Reference Group
  
 Reference Group
Female
 1.47
 1.41
  
 1.36
 1.28
Age
  
  
  
  
  
Intercept
 27.06
 1.55***
 0.03
  
  
15 - 18 years
 Reference Group
  
 Reference Group
19 - 21 years
 −4.01
 2.03*
 −6.12
 2.22**
22 - 25 years
 −6.40
 1.81***
  
 −9.46
 2.12***
Education Level
  
  
  
  
  
Intercept
 23.44
 1.7***
 0.009
  
  
Secondary education
 Reference Group
  
 Reference Group
University education
 −1.05
 1.9
 4.45
 2.24*
        R2 = 0.22

* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001.