Table 1.
Clinical and metabolic characteristics of participants
| |
Total |
Men |
Women |
P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | 1.145 | 689 (60.2%) | 456 (39.8%) | |
| Age (years) |
66.8 ± 11.3 |
66.3 ± 11.4 |
67.4 ± 10.9 |
0.089 |
| Duration diabetes (years) |
9.1 ± 6.7 |
8.8 ± 6.5 |
9.4 ± 6.9 |
0.250 |
| BMI (kg/m2) |
30.3 ± 5.2 |
29.6 ± 4.5 |
31.1 ± 6.0 |
0.001 |
| Obesity, n(%) |
533 (46,5) |
297 (43.1) |
236 (51.8) |
0.004 |
| Abdominal waist circumference (cm) |
100.0 ± 17.1 |
103.5 ± 12.1 |
100.2 ± 13.6 |
0.001 |
| Smoking (n%) |
|
|
|
|
| Yes |
158 (13,8) |
123 (17.9) |
35 (7.7) |
0.001 |
| Ex-smoker |
345 (30.1) |
312 (45.2) |
33 (7.2) |
|
| Never |
642 (56.1) |
254 (36.9) |
388 ( 85.1) |
|
| HbA1C (%) |
7.3 ± 1.3 |
7.2 ± 1.2 |
7.3 ± 1.3 |
0.089 |
| Hypertension (n%) |
860 (75.1) |
514 (74.6) |
346 (75.9) |
0.625 |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) |
134.5 ± 13.2 |
134.3 ± 12.6 |
134.8 ± 14,0 |
0.984 |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure (mmHg) |
77.0 ± 9.1 |
77.1 ± 8.9 |
76.8 ± 9.3 |
0.477 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) |
4.70 ± 0.93 |
4.63 ± 0.99 |
4.89 ± 0.90 |
0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) |
2.79 ± 0,83 |
2.74 ± 0,86 |
2.84 ± 0,78 |
0.021 |
| non-HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) |
3.49 ± 0,91 |
3.46 ± 0,96 |
3.55 ± 0,90 |
0.086 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) |
1.29 ± 0.35 |
1.17 ± 0.31 |
1.33 ± 0.37 |
0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) |
1.69 ± 0.96 |
1.70 ± 1.04 |
1.68 ± 0.87 |
0.450 |
| Plasmatic creatinine (mg/dl) |
0.93 ± 0.3 |
1.01 ± 0.3 |
0.8 ± 0.2 |
0.001 |
| eGFR ml/min/1,73 m2 |
79.9 ± 23.5 |
80.4 ± 22.4 |
78.6 ± 23.6 |
0.142 |
| Albumin/creatinine ratio (mg/g) |
39.2 ± 144.3 |
46.3 ± 169.5 |
28.4 ± 93.4 |
0.979 |
| Coronary heart disease (n%) |
177 (15.4) |
137 (19.9) |
34 (7.5) |
0.001 |
| Heart failure (n%) |
91 (7.9) |
49 (7.1) |
42 (9.2) |
0.199 |
| Peripheral vascular disease (n%) |
98 (8.5) |
85 (12.3) |
13 (2.9) |
0.001 |
| Stroke (n%) | 79 (6.9) | 57 (8.3) | 22 (4.8) | 0.024 |
BMI = Body Mass Index. HbA1C = glycosilated hemoglobin. eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate. LDL cholesterol = Low Density Lipoprotein cholesterol. HDL cholesterol = High Density Lipoprotein cholesterol.