Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population
| Variable | Controls (n = 68) | Patients with T2DM (n = 148) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics |
|
|
|
| Age, year |
56 ± 11 |
58 ± 12 |
0.16 |
| Men/Women |
45/23 |
95/53 |
0.72 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg |
118 ± 11 |
126 ± 17 |
<0.001 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg |
71 ± 7 |
68 ± 10 |
<0.001 |
| Heart rate, bpm |
62 ± 9 |
71 ± 10 |
<0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 |
22.6 ± 2.6 |
26.1 ± 5.5 |
<0.001 |
| Body surface area, m2 |
1.66 ± 0.16 |
1.76 ± 0.38 |
0.002 |
| Disease duration, months |
0 |
121 ± 93 |
|
| Waist/Hip ratio |
- |
0.89 ± 0.20 |
|
| Comorbidity |
|
|
|
| Hypertension, n (%) |
0 |
71 (48%) |
|
| Dyslipidemia, n (%) |
0 |
93 (63%) |
|
| Cerebral vascular disease, n (%) |
0 |
9 (6%) |
|
| ASO, n (%) |
0 |
4 (3%) |
|
| Smoking, n (%) |
- |
68 (46%) |
|
| Medications |
0 |
101 (68%) |
|
| Sulfonylureas, n (%) |
0 |
57 (38%) |
|
| Biguanide, n (%) |
0 |
56 (38%) |
|
| α-glucocitase inhibitor, n (%) |
0 |
37 (25%) |
|
| Pioglitazone, n (%) |
0 |
22 (15%) |
|
| Insulin, n (%) |
0 |
45 (30%) |
|
| DPP-4 inhibitor, n (%) |
0 |
21 (14%) |
|
| GLP-1 analog, n (%) | 0 | 4 (3%) |
BP, blood pressure; ASO, atherosclerotic obliterance; DPP-4, Dipeptidyl peptidase-4.
Data are expressed as mean ± SD it as number (percentage).