Table 3.
Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis: Predictors of in-hospital mortality
| Variable | Odds ratio | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1: Lactate (r2=0.29; H-L=0.87) | |||
| VL ≥ 2.5 mM |
2.62 |
1.49 – 4.58 |
< 0.001 |
| Glasgow coma scale 3-12 |
11.49 |
6.20 – 21.30 |
< 0.001 |
| Injury severity score ≥ 16 |
3.40 |
1.86 – 6.21 |
< 0.001 |
| Age ≥ 85 years |
2.10 |
1.17 – 3.77 |
0.01 |
| Model 2: Occult hypoperfusion* (r2=0.28; H-L=0.55) | |||
| Occult hypoperfusion* |
2.12 |
1.20 – 3.77 |
0.01 |
| Glasgow coma scale 3-12 |
12.28 |
6.63 – 22.74 |
< 0.001 |
| Injury severity score ≥ 16 |
3.47 |
1.90 – 6.36 |
< 0.001 |
| Age ≥ 85 years |
2.02 |
1.13 – 3.61 |
0.02 |
| Model 2: TVS (r2=0.28; H-L=0.77) | |||
| Abnormal TVS† |
1.71 |
0.74 – 3.93 |
0.21 |
| Glasgow coma scale 3-12 |
14.97 |
8.52 – 26.29 |
< 0.001 |
| Injury severity score ≥ 16 |
3.88 |
2.23 - 6.76 |
< 0.001 |
| Age ≥ 85 years |
1.92 |
1.11 – 3.32 |
0.02 |
| Model 3: Shock index (r2=0.27; H-L=0.69) | |||
| Shock index ≥ 1 |
1.18 |
0.39 – 3.58 |
0.78 |
| Glasgow coma scale 3-12 |
15.38 |
8.69 – 27.23 |
< 0.001 |
| Injury severity score ≥ 16 |
3.86 |
2.19 – 6.81 |
< 0.001 |
| Age ≥ 85 years |
1.85 |
1.07 – 3.22 |
0.03 |
| Model 4: Lactate and TVS (r2=0.29; H-L=0.72) | |||
| VL ≥ 2.5 mM |
2.58 |
1.47 – 4.52 |
< 0.001 |
| Abnormal TVS† |
1.46 |
0.62 - 3.47 |
0.39 |
| Glasgow coma scale 3-12 |
11.23 |
6.06 – 20.83 |
< 0.001 |
| Injury severity score ≥ 16 |
3.36 |
1.84 - 6.13 |
< 0.001 |
| Age ≥ 85 years | 2.14 | 1.19 – 3.84 | 0.01 |
Stepwise logistic regression, with entry and exit values set at p < 0.15 for all models.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; VL, venous lactate; TVS, traditional vital signs; H-L, hosmer-lemeshow goodness of fit statistic.
*Occult hypoperfusion: VL ≥ 2.5 mM with normal TVS.
†Abnormal TVS: Systolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg and/or heart rate > 120 beats/min.