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. 2012 Oct 16;28(4):522–529. doi: 10.1007/s11606-012-2225-z

Table 2.

Nonprescription Sources of Pain Medication Among Unintentional Opioid-Related Drug Deaths

Did (name of decedent) ever get prescription pain medications … No. % 95 % CI
For free from a friend or relative 54 24.0 18.7–30.0
From someone without person’s knowledge (theft) 41 18.2 13.4–23.6
By purchasing from friend, relative, acquaintance (non-dealer) 36 16.4 11.4–21.1
Purchasing from a dealer (not a pharmacy) 25 11.6 7.1–15.4
Purchasing on-line 7 3.1 0.9–5.5
Any other source 9 4.0 1.5–6.6

Multiple responses could be given

This table applies to 222 decedents who were reported to have been prescribed at least one pain medication by a physician the year prior to their death