Table 1.
Sample characteristics and sexual HIV risk behaviour of pregnant women (N = 1502)
| Variables | n or M | % or SD |
|---|---|---|
|
Socio-economic factors |
|
|
| Age (years), M (s.d.) |
26.6 |
6.1 |
|
Education (years or Grades) |
|
|
| Grade 7 or less, n (%) |
134 |
9.0 |
| Grade 8–11, n (%) |
698 |
46.6 |
| Grade 12 or more, n (%) |
665 |
44.4 |
|
Marital status |
|
|
| Single, n (%) |
1025 |
69.8 |
| Married or cohabitating, n (%) |
444 |
30.2 |
|
Obstetrics |
|
|
| Number of own children, M (s.d) |
1.2 |
1.2 |
| Number of antenatal care visits, M (s.d.) |
3.4 |
1.5 |
| Current pregnancy not planned, n (%) |
824 |
55.2 |
| Father accompany to antenatal clinic, n (%) |
435 |
29.4 |
|
HIV related variables |
|
|
| HIV knowledge scores, M (s.d.) |
2.5 |
1.1 |
| Belief ARVs can cure HIV, n (%) |
231 |
16.3 |
| Belief in someone treated with ARVs cannot transmit the HIV virus, n (%) |
318 |
22.4 |
|
HIV status |
|
|
| HIV positive, n (%) |
278 |
19.8 |
| HIV negative, n (%) |
1123 |
80.2 |
| HIV status unknown, n (%) |
101 |
[6.7] |
|
Psychosocial distress and alcohol use |
|
|
| Past month (any) alcohol use, n (%) |
93 |
6.5 |
| Physical partner violence in the past 6 months, n (%) |
123 |
8.5 |
| Psychological distress (Kessler 10 ≥28 scores), n (%) |
267 |
17.8 |
|
Sexual HIV risk factors |
|
|
| Two or more sexual partners in the past 12 months, n (%) |
155 |
19.9 |
| Casual sexual partner in the past 3 months, n (%) |
107 |
7.6 |
| History of STI (other than HIV) in the past 12 months, n (%) |
254 |
17.3 |
|
Condom use with primary partner in the past 3 months |
||
| Never, n (%) |
899 |
63.3 |
| Less than half of the time, n (%) |
114 |
8.0 |
| Half of the time, n (%) |
81 |
5.7 |
| More than half of the time, n (%) |
99 |
7.0 |
| Every time, n (%) |
228 |
16.0 |
|
Knows partner’s HIV status |
|
|
| HIV positive, n (%) |
77 |
12.6 |
| HIV negative, n (%) |
532 |
87.4 |
| Do not know/refused to answer, n (%) | 893 | [59.5] |
N = number;% = percent; M = Mean; SD/s.d. = Standard deviation.