Table 1.
12-month prevalence of known diabetes mellitus among German adults aged 50 years and older (N = 9133) by socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics
| Characteristics | Prevalence % (95% CI) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall |
13.6 (12.7-14.7) |
|
|
|
Sex |
|
|
|
| Men |
13.9 (12.5-15.5) |
1.04 (0.88-1.24) |
1.02 (0.83-1.25) |
| Women |
13.4 (12.1-14.9) |
|
1.00 |
|
Age groups ***(yrs) |
|
|
|
| 50-54 |
6.5 (5.1-8.2) |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| 55-59 |
9.5 (7.9-11.5) |
1.51 (1.09-2.09) |
1.48 (1.05-2.07) |
| 60-64 |
11.8 (9.6-14.5) |
1.93 (1.37-2.71) |
1.96 (1.38-2.78) |
| 65-69 |
14.2 (11.9-16.8) |
2.37 (1.72-3.26) |
2.20 (1.56-3.11) |
| 70-74 |
20.1 (17.1-23.4) |
3.60 (2.62-4.96) |
3.59 (2.54-5.06) |
| 75+ |
19.4 (16.5-22.6) |
3.46 (2.52-4.75) |
3.55 (2.49-5.05) |
|
Region** |
|
|
|
| East |
17.1 (15.0-19.6) |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| North |
13.3 (10.9-16.1) |
0.74 (0.56-0.98) |
0.73 (0.54-0.98) |
| Central |
13.0 (11.4-14.9) |
0.72 (0.58-0.90) |
0.71 (0.56-0.91) |
| South |
11.9 (10.1-13.9) |
0.65 (0.51-0.83) |
0.60 (0.46-0.78) |
|
BMI*** (kg/m2) |
|
|
|
| < 25 (Normal)# |
5.9 (4.9-7.2) |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| ≥ 25 (Overweight) |
12.5 (11.1-14.2) |
2.22 (1.73-2.85) |
2.10 (1.63-2.71) |
| ≥ 30 (Obese) |
28.7 (25.9-31.8) |
6.65 (5.17-8.55) |
5.74 (4.42-7.46) |
|
Smoking status*** |
|
|
|
| Current smoker |
9.5 (7.9-11.6) |
1.00 |
1.00 |
| Ex smoker |
14.9 (13.2-16.7) |
1.66 (1.28-2.14) |
1.15 (0.87-1.52) |
| Non-smoker |
14.5 (13.0-16.2) |
1.61 (1.25-2.07) |
1.01 (0.76-1.35) |
|
Sports activity in the past 3 months*** |
|
|
|
| No sports |
18.4 (16.7-20.3) |
2.44 (1.89-3.15) |
1.70 (1.30-2.23) |
| <4 hours/week |
10.6 (9.2-12.1) |
1.28 (0.97-1.68) |
1.14 (0.86-1.53) |
| over 4 hours/week |
8.4 (6.9-10.4) |
1.00 |
1.00 |
|
Educational attainment*** |
|
|
|
| Primary |
16.6 (15.0-18.4) |
1.99 (1.63-2.43) |
1.28 (1.02-1.60) |
| Middle |
11.2 (9.9-12.8) |
1.26 (1.02-1.57) |
1.04 (0.82-1.32) |
| High | 9.1 (7.9-10.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
National Health Telephone Interview Survey “German Health Update (GEDA)” 2009).
Estimates of 12-month prevalence (%) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were weighted according to German population statistics (December 31, 2007).
# including 101 (1%) under-weighted subjects whose body mass index (BMI) is less than 18.5 kg/m2.
* p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, derived from Rao-Scott chi-square tests for the difference of prevalence estimates within specific group.
Adjusted and unadjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were derived from logistic regression models. Variables in the adjusted logistic regression model include all variables listed in Table 1.