Table 2.
Univariate risk analysis for operative mortality
| Variable |
Survivors n = 23 (%) |
Non-survivors n = 15 (%) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Pre-operative |
|
|
|
| NYHA Class (II-III / IV) |
12 (52.2) / 11 (47.8) |
1 (6.7) / 14 (93.3) |
0.004 |
| Emergency Surgery |
17 (73.9) |
15 (100) |
0.031 |
| Cardiogenic Shock |
13 (56.5) |
13 (86.7) |
0.051 |
| Inotropic support |
7 (30.4) |
10 (66.7) |
0.028 |
| Type of MI (Anterior/Inferior) |
19 (82.6) / 4 (17.4) |
10 (66.7) / 5 (33.3) |
0.259 |
| Right ventricular dysfunction |
3 (13.0) |
7 (46.7) |
0.021 |
| Multi-vessel coronary artery disease |
13 (56.5) |
9 (69.2) |
0.452 |
| Total occlusion of infarcted artery |
16 (69.6) |
10 (76.9) |
0.636 |
| Thrombolysis |
7 (30.4) |
4 (26.7) |
0.802 |
| Intra-aortic balloon pump |
22 (95.7) |
15 (100) |
0.413 |
| EuroSCORE II |
22.8 ± 9.4 |
34.3 ± 9.8 |
0.001 |
|
Intra-operative |
|
|
|
| VSR Location (Anterior/Posterior) |
19 (82.6) / 4 (17.2) |
9 (60.0) / 6 (40.0) |
0.122 |
| CPB time (minutes) |
148.0 ± 52.3 |
158.8 ± 53.0 |
0.540 |
| Red blood cell transfusion > 2 units |
4 (17.4) |
8 (57.1) |
0.012 |
| Concomitant CABG |
12 (52.2) |
7 (46.7) |
0.740 |
|
Post-operative |
|
|
|
| Renal failure |
8 (34.8) |
11 (73.3) |
0.020 |
| Renal replacement therapy |
2 (8.7) |
10 (66.7) |
<0.0005 |
| Re-exploration for bleeding |
4 (17.2) |
4 (26.7) |
0.493 |
| DIVC | 0 (0) | 3 (20.0) | 0.025 |
CABG: Coronary artery bypass grafting.
CPB: Cardiopulmonary bypass.
DIVC: Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy.
EuroSCORE: European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation II.
MI: Myocardial infarction.
NYHA: New York Heart Association.
VSR: Ventricular septal rupture.