. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Pediatr. 2012 Nov 15;162(4):719–724. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.10.017

Table 3.

The proportions of children whose language scores fell below −1.25 SD of the test mean (phonological awareness, semantics, grammar, discourse) or the term sample mean (pragmatics).

	VPT n^* = 193	Term n^* = 70	Odds ratio (95% CI)	p
Phonological awareness, %	22.8	4.3	6.6 (2.0, 34.2)	.001
Semantics, %	20.3	1.4	17.6 (2.8, 722.3)	<.001
Grammar, %	23.4	2.9	10.3 (2.5, 89.3)	<.001
Discourse, %	30.1	5.7	7.1 (2.5, 27.9)	<.001
Pragmatics, %	27.8	14.6	2.3 (1.0, 6.0)	.04

Some sample sizes are less than the total sample due to missing data.