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. 2013 Feb 27;2013:769214. doi: 10.1155/2013/769214

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Copyright © 2013 Carian E. Boorsma et al.

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Schematic representation of the three macrophage phenotypes and their characteristics. IFNγ: interferon gamma; TNFα: tumor necrosis factor alpha; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; MHC class II: major histocompatibility complex class II; IL: interleukin; NO: nitric oxide; IRF5: interferon regulatory factor 5; Fe: iron; TGM2: transglutaminase 2; YM1: chitinase-3-like protein-3; FIZZ1/Relmα: resistin-like molecule-α; Arg-1: arginase-1; TGFβ: transforming growth factor beta; TLR: Toll-like receptor; PGE2: prostaglandin E2; PPARγ: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma.