Table 1.
Prospective randomized trials of stem cell therapy in ischemic heart failure.
| Study | No. of patients | Baseline LVEF (%) | Follow-up (months) | Cell type | Cell dose | Delivery route | Outcome |
| ASTAMI19 (2006) | 100 | 46 | 6 | BMC | 8, 7x106 | IC | No effect |
| REPAIR-AMI18 (2006) | 204 | 48 | 12 | BMC | 2, 4x108 | IC | LVEF increased 2.5% |
| TOPCARE-CHD20 (2006) | 121 | 40 | 12 | BMC | 214x106 | IC | LVEF increased 1.8% |
| BOOST22 (2009) | 60 | 51 | 6 | BMC | 2, 5x109 | IC | LVEF increased 6.7% |
| STAR-heart21 (2010) | 391 | 33 | 60 | BMC | 6, 6x107 | IC | LVEF increased 6.2% |
| FocusHF26 (2011) | 30 | 37 | 6 | BM-MNC | 484x106 | IM | No effect on LVEF, scar reduction |
| SICIPIO25 (2011) | 14 | 30 | 4 | CSC | 1x106 | IC | LVEF increased 8.2% |
| CADUCEUS24 (2012) | 25 | 39 | 6 | CDC | 12, 5x106 25x106 | IC | No effect on LVEF, scar reduction |
BMC: bone marrow stem cells; BM-MNC: bone marrow mononuclear cells; CSC: cardiac stem cells; CDC: cardiosphere derived cells; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction.