Table 2.

Second- and Third-Generation LVADs.

Device	Specs (grams, flow, placement, levitation)	Unique Features
Thoratec HeartMate II	375, AX, IA	most widely studied > 200 publications
Jarvik 2000	85, AX, IP	documented survival 7.5 years
Micromed DeBakey 5	93, AX, IP	direct flow measurement
Terumo Dura-Heart	540, RA, IA, ML	hydrodynamic backup system
HeartWare HVAD	145, RA, IP, ML+	uni/biventricular capabilities smallest design
Berlin Heart Incor	200, AX, IP, ML	only 3rd generation AX >500 implants
Levacor VAD	440, RA, IA, ML	complete magnetic suspension
Thoratec HeartMate III	500, RA, IA, ML	artificial pulse generator, sensorless flow estimator

AX: axial flow; BTT: bridge to transplant; C: clinical; CE: European approved; DT: destination therapy; FDA: Food and Drug Administration; HDE: humanitarian device exemption; HF: heart failure; IA: intra-abdominal; IDE: investigational device exemption; IP: intrapericardial; ML: magnetically levitated; ML+: mixed ML with hydrodynamics; RA: radial flow.