Table 5.
Pesticide | CPTa (n=692) |
Digit-Symbola (n=691) |
Finger Tapping, dominant (n=695) |
Grooved Pegboard, dominanta (n=699) |
AVLT Total Recall (n=696) |
AVLT Delayed Recall (n=695) |
AVLT Recognition (n=694) |
Sequences Aa (n=679) |
Sequences Ba (n=671) |
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β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | β | SE | |
|
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Organophosphates | ||||||||||||||||||
Acephate | 0.95 | 1.98 | −1.13 | 1.00 | −0.08 | 0.53 | 0.02 | 1.16 | −0.07 | 0.22 | 0.12 | 0.15 | −0.05 | 0.14 | −0.86 | 0.68 | −0.33 | 1.00 |
Chlorpyrifos | −0.29 | 1.74 | −0.99 | 0.73 | −0.22 | 0.39 | 1.77 | 0.85 | 0.26 | 0.19 | 0.22 * | 0.11 | 0.06 | 0.10 | −0.85 | 0.50 | −0.49 | 0.72 |
Coumaphos | 1.42 | 3.09 | 2.24 | 1.31 | 1.03 | 0.70 | 1.94 | 1.54 | 0.82 * | 0.34 | 0.30 | 0.19 | int | -- | 0.50 | 0.88 | 3.05 * | 1.28 |
Diazinon | −0.67 | 1.96 | −0.46 | 0.86 | 0.23 | 0.45 | 0.03 | 1.00 | 0.01 | 0.21 | 0.03 | 0.13 | −0.02 | 0.12 | −0.22 | 0.58 | 0.70 | 0.85 |
Dichlorvos | −0.63 | 1.82 | 0.13 | 0.82 | −0.05 | 0.44 | −0.28 | 0.96 | 0.30 | 0.20 | 0.16 | 0.12 | 0.13 | 0.11 | 0.55 | 0.55 | 0.60 | 0.80 |
Dimethoate | 1.65 | 3.45 | −0.79 | 1.46 | −0.14 | 0.78 | −0.51 | 1.71 | 0.39 | 0.37 | 0.07 | 0.21 | 0.37 | 0.20 | 1.37 | 0.98 | −1.16 | 1.42 |
Disulfoton | 3.08 | 2.72 | −1.46 | 1.25 | −0.76 | 0.66 | −1.25 | 1.44 | −0.23 | 0.30 | 0.19 | 0.18 | −0.24 | 0.17 | −1.52 | 0.85 | 0.28 | 1.25 |
Ethoprop | 2.17 | 2.58 | −1.81 | 1.19 | 0.05 | 0.63 | −0.51 | 1.39 | −0.60 | 0.28 | −0.18 | 0.17 | −0.27 | 0.16 | −1.65 * | 0.81 | −0.97 | 1.18 |
Fonofos | 0.78 | 2.02 | 0.41 | 0.94 | 0.08 | 0.50 | 0.85 | 1.09 | −0.27 | 0.22 | 0.26 | 0.14 | −0.05 | 0.13 | −0.38 | 0.63 | −0.53 | 0.91 |
Malathion | −0.90 | 1.80 | −1.75 * | 0.75 | 0.11 | 0.40 | int | -- | 0.14 | 0.20 | 0.10 | 0.11 | −0.10 | 0.10 | −0.52 | 0.52 | 0.16 | 0.75 |
Parathion | 4.65 * | 2.32 | 0.35 | 0.99 | −0.60 | 0.53 | −0.11 | 1.16 | 0.10 | 0.25 | 0.35 * | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.14 | 0.24 | 0.67 | 0.03 | 0.97 |
Phorate | −0.25 | 1.93 | 0.82 | 0.83 | −0.40 | 0.44 | −0.50 | 0.97 | 0.18 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.25 * | 0.12 | −0.02 | 0.56 | 0.28 | 0.82 |
Phosmet | −1.47 | 2.68 | −1.15 | 1.18 | 0.21 | 0.63 | 0.45 | 1.38 | 0.12 | 0.29 | −0.16 | 0.17 | −0.12 | 0.16 | −0.11 | 0.79 | −0.01 | 1.14 |
Tebupirimfos | −0.44 | 3.12 | 1.51 | 1.38 | 0.08 | 0.73 | −1.13 | 1.61 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.00 | 0.19 | −0.21 | 0.93 | 1.01 | 1.34 |
Terbufos | −0.22 | 1.60 | 0.48 | 0.70 | 0.65 | 0.37 | −0.98 | 0.82 | 0.04 | 0.17 | 0.06 | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.10 | −0.65 | 0.48 | −0.47 | 0.69 |
Tetrachlorvinphos | 2.34 | 3.11 | 0.45 | 1.34 | −0.77 | 0.72 | −0.43 | 1.57 | 0.76 * | 0.34 | 0.18 | 0.20 | 0.36 | 0.19 | 1.19 | 0.90 | 0.89 | 1.30 |
Carbamates | ||||||||||||||||||
Aldicarb | 1.05 | 2.27 | 1.12 | 1.06 | −0.26 | 0.56 | 1.88 | 1.23 | 0.30 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.15 | 0.30 * | 0.15 | −0.04 | 0.72 | 0.72 | 1.06 |
Benomyl | 2.59 | 2.72 | 2.13 | 1.22 | −0.03 | 0.65 | −0.01 | 1.42 | 0.60 | 0.31 | 0.41 * | 0.18 | 0.27 | 0.17 | 2.25 ** | 0.82 | 1.34 | 1.20 |
Carbaryl | 0.60 | 1.64 | −0.04 | 0.84 | −0.12 | 0.45 | −0.79 | 0.98 | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.25 * | 0.12 | 0.04 | 0.12 | −0.02 | 0.57 | 0.36 | 0.83 |
Carbofuran | 1.56 | 1.97 | 0.68 | 0.83 | 0.63 | 0.44 | 1.50 | 0.96 | 0.20 | 0.21 | 0.21 | 0.12 | 0.05 | 0.11 | −0.45 | 0.56 | −0.52 | 0.81 |
Summary variables | ||||||||||||||||||
ALL OPs | −0.95 | 2.17 | −1.22 | 0.93 | −0.16 | 0.49 | −0.93 | 1.08 | 0.10 | 0.23 | 0.16 | 0.14 | −0.05 | 0.13 | −0.68 | 0.63 | 0.18 | 0.91 |
ALL pesticides | 2.38 | 3.13 | −1.45 | 1.33 | 0.42 | 0.70 | −0.12 | 1.54 | 0.43 | 0.34 | 0.54 * | 0.19 | 0.10 | 0.18 | −1.26 | 0.90 | −0.77 | 1.30 |
Regression coefficients have been multiplied by −1 so that lower scores indicate poorer performance.
p<0.01;
p<0.05.
CPT = Continuous Performance Test, AVLT = Auditory Verbal Learning Test, int = significant interaction term for state by pesticide exposure; All models were adjusted for age (years) and ART score. In addition, CPT models were adjusted for positive affect score (PA) and caffeine consumption; Digit-Symbol models were adjusted for PA, education, state, and visual acuity score; Finger Tapping models were adjusted for PA and state; Grooved Pegboard models were adjusted for caffeine consumption, state and visual acuity score; AVLT Total Recall models were adjusted for negative affect score (NA), PA score, and education; AVLT Delayed Recall models were adjusted for NA, PA, education and state; AVLT Recognition models were adjusted for PA, education and state; Sequences A and B were adjusted for PA and state.