Table 1. Baseline characteristics of overall cohort.
| N (%) | Average cost ($) | Average LOS (days) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | 1,536 | 45,183 | 30.8 |
| PATIENT-LEVEL | |||
| Demographics | |||
| Overall average age (SD) | 68.15 (11.04) | ||
| Gender | |||
| Male | 1519 (98.89) | 45,085 | 30.9 |
| Female | 17 (1.11) | 53,958 | 28.9 |
| Marital status | |||
| Married | 712 (46.35) | 42,277 | 27.0 |
| Not married | 824 (53.65) | 47,694 | 34.2 |
| Living location before hospitalization | |||
| Extended care | 182 (11.85) | 24,814 | 15.3 |
| Home | 1296 (84.38) | 47,444 | 32.4 |
| Hospital | 58 (3.78) | 58,575 | 45.2 |
| Amputation level | |||
| Unilateral trans-tibial | 477 (31.05) | 43,367 | 29.1 |
| Unilateral trans-femoral | 388 (25.26) | 46,241 | 30.0 |
| Bilateral trans-tibial | 24 (1.56) | 27,359 | 19.6 |
| Bilateral trans-femoral | 647 (42.12) | 46,549 | 33.0 |
| Amputation etiologies | |||
| Chronic osteomyelitis | 96 (6.25) | 39,224 | 25.5 |
| Device infection | 165 (10.74) | 60,470 | 33.1 |
| Diabetes mellitus type I | 257 (16.73) | 48,761 | 28.8 |
| Diabetes mellitus type II | 975 (63.48) | 41,145 | 29.3 |
| Local significant infection | 1201 (78.19) | 42,751 | 29.3 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 1340 (87.24) | 43,713 | 28.9 |
| Previous amputation complication | 116 (7.55) | 49,058 | 36.8 |
| Skin breakdown | 981 (63.87) | 43,005 | 31.1 |
| Systemic sepsis | 185 (12.04) | 66,359 | 40.2 |
| Trauma | 202 (13.15) | 50,484 | 31.3 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| AIDS | 11 (0.72) | 55,333 | 24.3 |
| Alcohol abuse | 81 (5.27) | 51,475 | 30.2 |
| Arrhythmias | 272 (17.71) | 48,510 | 30.7 |
| Chronic blood loss anemia | 36 (2.34) | 93,601 | 91.5 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 324 (21.09) | 50,131 | 37.0 |
| Coagulopathy | 66 (4.30) | 68,740 | 33.2 |
| Congestive heart failure | 364 (23.70) | 43,439 | 29.4 |
| Deficiency anemias | 280 (18.23) | 45,120 | 32.2 |
| Depression | 134 (8.72) | 47,959 | 37.0 |
| Drug abuse | 25 (1.63) | 42,071 | 23.6 |
| Fluid and electrolyte disorders | 298 (19.40) | 51,968 | 37.1 |
| Hypertension | 880 (57.29) | 39,477 | 28.3 |
| Hypertension with complication | 9 (0.59) | 43,659 | 26.1 |
| Hypothyroidism | 58 (3.78) | 35,194 | 23.6 |
| Liver disease | 52 (3.39) | 46,129 | 28.9 |
| Lymphoma | 8 (0.52) | 32,797 | 20.4 |
| Metastatic cancer | 25 (1.63) | 67,733 | 32.2 |
| Other neurological disorders | 54 (3.52) | 42,876 | 24.4 |
| Paralysis | 72 (4.69) | 84,927 | 83.3 |
| Peptic ulcer | 22 (1.43) | 30,518 | 21.8 |
| Psychoses | 112 (7.29) | 45,231 | 38.6 |
| Pulmonary circulation disease | 14 (0.91) | 63,776 | 32.1 |
| Renal failure | 277 (18.03) | 48,280 | 27.3 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 22 (1.43) | 22,873 | 17.4 |
| Solid tumor without metastasis | 109 (7.1) | 58,307 | 27.5 |
| Valvular disease | 64 (4.17) | 50,606 | 30.9 |
| Weight loss | 79 (5.14) | 52,892 | 38.5 |
| TYPE OF INPATIENT REHABILITATION | |||
| No evidence | 697 (45.38) | 44,651 | 31.4 |
| Consultative | 668 (43.49) | 43,524 | 28.1 |
| Specialized | 171 (11.13) | 53,831 | 39.2 |
| FACILITY-LEVEL | |||
| Geographic region | |||
| Northeast | 262 (17.06) | 55,951 | 37.4 |
| Southeast | 455 (29.62) | 40,325 | 33.4 |
| Midwest | 268 (17.45) | 38,136 | 22.0 |
| South Central | 340 (22.14) | 41,304 | 29.2 |
| Mountain Pacific | 211 (13.74) | 57,488 | 31.1 |
| Total bed size | |||
| Bed size ≤ 126 | 433 (28.19) | 34,518 | 20.1 |
| Bed size 127-244 | 443 (28.84) | 44,435 | 27.8 |
| Bed size 245-362 | 529 (34.44) | 52,553 | 39.6 |
| Bed size > 362 | 131 (8.53) | 53,202 | 41.4 |
| CARF accreditation | 763 (49.67) | 53,960 | 36.0 |
| No CARF accreditation | 773 (50.33) | 36,520 | 25.7 |
CARF = Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities