Table 1.
Demographics, Comorbidities, and Community Exposures by HIV Status
| HIV-Infected Patients (n = 374) | HIV-Negative Patients (n = 371) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Race | <.001 | ||
| African-American | 279 (74.6%) | 188 (51%) | |
| White | 92 (24.6%) | 156 (42%) | |
| Asian | 3 (0.8%) | 22 (6%) | |
| Other | 0 | 5 (1%) | |
| Ethnicity | .131 | ||
| Hispanic | 68 (18%) | 84 (23%) | |
| Non-Hispanic | 306 (82%) | 287 (77%) | |
| Age, y, mean (SD) | 44.4 (10.8) | 51.7 (14.1) | <.001 |
| Sex | <.001 | ||
| Male | 280 (75%) | 200 (54%) | |
| Female | 94 (25%) | 171 (46%) | |
| Current MRSA infection at time of enrollment | 2 (0.5%) | 3 (0.8%) | .69 |
| MRSA infection within the prior year | 24 (6%) | 9 (2%) | .008 |
| Illicit drug use: current or former | 186 (50%) | 85 (23%) | <.001 |
| Residence in a nursing home or long-term care facility in the past year | 21 (6%) | 5 (1%) | .002 |
| Temporary housinga | 39 (10%) | 16 (4%) | .001 |
| Diabetes | 47 (13%) | 91 (25%) | <.001 |
| Men who have sex with menb | 132 (48%) | 6 (4%) | <.001 |
| Chronic hemodialysis | 8 (2%) | 8 (2%) | .987 |
| Incarceration: current detainee or release in past 3 mo | 24 (6%) | 14 (4%) | .101 |
| Incarceration typec | .616 | ||
| Jail | 19 (79%) | 12 (86%) | |
| Prison or both | 5 (21%) | 2 (14%) | |
| Immunosuppression unrelated to HIV | 22 (6%) | 71 (19%) | <.001 |
| Chronic skin condition or chronic wound | 56 (15%) | 28 (7.6%) | .001 |
| Healthcare exposure in the past yeard | 231 (62%) | 279 (75%) | <.001 |
Data are No. (%) of patients, unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MRSA, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; SD, standard deviation.
a Homeless or had residence in a substance abuse center or shelter currently or in the past year.
b Data were missing for 54 individuals; therefore, the resulting denominator was 276 for HIV-infected and 150 for HIV-negative individuals.
c Included only individuals who were current detainees or who had been incarcerated and released within the prior 3 months; the resultant denominator was 24 for HIV-infected and 14 for HIV-negative individuals.
d Healthcare exposure in the past year included visit to the emergency room or hospitalization at Cook County Hospital. Given the evolving epidemiology of the community-associated MRSA epidemic [21] along with the large proportion of our patients that have prior healthcare exposures [5], this variable was felt to be less useful as a predictor for community disease and was not included in risk factor analysis.