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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2012 Aug 3;13(8):708–712. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2012.06.014

Table 3.

Functional and performance improvements from SNF admission to discharge in the Enhanced Medical Rehabilitation (EMR) vs. Standard-of-care rehabilitation participants

EMR Standard of Care Analysis*
Measure Admission
mean ± SD		 Discharge
mean ± SD		 Admission
mean ± SD		 Discharge
mean ± SD		 Mean
change in
Enhanced –
standard of
care		 p t df Effect size
with 95%
confidence
interval**
Barthel Index 32.3 ± 20.7 75.0 ± 24.2 28.3 ± 16.0 54.2 ± 30.6 16.9 ± 25.7 0.087 1.8 23 .66 (−0.20-
1.52)
Gait speed
(meters/second)		 0.08 ± 0.12 0.39 ± 0.17 0.08 ± 0.22 0.22 ± 0.13 0.17 ±0.16 0.003 3.4 22 1.11
(0.21-
2.01)
6 minute walk
(feet walked)		 73.0 ±
114.8		 266.1 ±
202.6		 40.3 ±
111.3		 94.0 ±
166.0		 139.4 ±
125.3		 0.026 2.4 22 1.11
(0.21-
2.01)
*

analysis is ANCOVA comparing the change scores from baseline to discharge between the two groups, controlling for baseline scores. Reduced N in gait measures was due to one participant being paraplegic.

**

effect size is Cohen’s d, where 0.2=small, 0.5=medium, 0.8=large effect size. A normal approximation was used to compute confidence intervals.