Table 1.

Unadjusted Odds Ratios of Renal Cell Cancer, Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study

	No. and Percent of cases		No. and Percent of controlsa		Quartile Median	Odds Ratio	95% Confidence Interval	Ptrend
Body Mass Index (kg/m2)	N	%	N	%
17.8 to 24.0	28	18	87	28	22.8	Reference
24.1 to 26.2	38	25	77	25	25.2	1.5	0.9, 28
26.3 to 28.3	43	28	73	24	27.2	1.8	1.0, 3.3
28.4 to 40.7	45	29	71	23	30.5	1.9	1.1, 3.2	0.022
Systolic Blood Pressure (mmHg)
100–129	<5	3	17	6	N/A	Reference
130–139	42	27	102	33	N/A	2.8	1.5, 5.
140–153	65	42	121	39	N/A	2.3	1.3, 4.3
154–226	43	28	68	22	N/A	2.7	1.4, 5.1	0.014
Dietary Calcium (mg/d)
206.4 to 1019.3	40	26	75	24	773.2	Reference
1019.4 to 1313.4	34	22	82	27	1150.6	0.8	0.4, 1.4
1313.5 to 1668.7	43	28	72	23	1479.6	1.1	0.7, 1.9
1668.8 to 3854.2	37	24	79	26	1932.9	0.9	0.5, 1.5	0.756
Dietary Vitamin D (ug/d)
0.7 to 3.4	77	50	39	13	2.6	Reference
3.5 to 4.8	78	51	37	12	4.3	0.9	0.5, 1.6
4.9 to 7.1	82	53	33	11	6	0.8	0.5, 1.4
7.2 to 17.6	71	46	45	15	9.1	1.3	0.7, 2.2	0.507
Alcoholic Beverage Intake (g/d)
0 to 23.3	45	29	70	23	0	Reference
23.4 to 88.0	36	23	81	26	58.1	0.7	0.4, 1.2
88.1 to 214.2	42	27	68	22	133.1	1.0	0.6, 1.6
214.3 to 2009.0	31	20	90	29	425.6	0.5	0.3, 0.9	0.124
High Risk Occupational Groupb
Yes	25	16	54	18	1	0.9	0.6, 1.5
No	129	84	254	82	0	Reference		0.360
Serum calcium concentration (mg/dL)
6.8 to 9.4	46	30	69	22	9.2	Reference
9.5 to 9.9	44	29	67	22	9.7	1.0	0.6, 1.7
10.0 to 10.2	29	19	53	17	10.1	0.8	0.5, 1.5
10.3 to 14.0	35	23	119	39	10.6	0.4	0.3, 0.8	<0.001
Serum 25-OH vitamin D (ng/mL)c
0.2 to 8.5	34	23	36	27	6.1	Reference
8.6 to 13.0	36	25	33	25	10.7	1.2	0.6, 2.3
13.1 to 18.6	40	28	30	23	16.2	1.4	0.7, 2.8
18.7 to 36.7	35	24	34	26	22.6	1.2	0.6, 2.5	0.475
Blood lead concentration (µg/dL)
0.6 to 2.4	27	20	81	27	2.0	Reference
2.5 to 3.2	31	23	81	27	2.9	1.1	0.6, 2.1
3.3 to 4.6	40	29	70	23	3.9	1.7	0.9, 3.2
4.7 to 15.2	38	28	72	24	5.8	1.7	0.9, 3.1	0.240

^aCases and controls were matched on age at randomization, serum and whole blood draw dates, pack-years, ATBC treatment group, and follow-up time.

^bOccupations include: mining, colliery (coal mining), quarrying, stonemasonry, stonecutting, foundry work, asbestos quarrying, asbestos fabric manufacture, asbestos concrete manufacture, asbestos insulating, lead refining, nickel refining, copper smelting, steel production/ refining, oil refining, gas manufacture, chromium paint manufacture, and arsenic production. P-trend based on the total number of high risk occupations.

^cOnly one set of controls had vitamin D serum measurements.