Table 1.

Summary of studies implicating involvement of AQP4 in brain oedema

Organism	Evidence	Principal finding	Pathological process	References
Human	Indirect	Increased AQP4 expression correlates with oedema	Astrocytoma	Saadoun et al., 2002; Warth et al., 2007
Human	Indirect	Increased AQP4 expression	Brain tumours Subarachnoid haemorrhage	Badaut et al., 2003
Human	Indirect	Increased AQP4 expression	Cerebral infarct	Aoki et al., 2003
Rat	Indirect	Changes in AQP4 expression correlate with oedema	Cerebral ischaemia	Meng et al., 2004; Badaut et al., 2007; Chen et al., 2007
Mouse	Indirect	Changes in AQP4 expression correlate with oedema	Cerebral ischaemia	Ribeiro Mde et al., 2006
Rat	Indirect	Changes in AQP4 expression correlate with oedema	Traumatic brain injury	Kiening et al., 2002; Sun et al., 2003; Chen et al., 2007
Rat	Indirect	Increased AQP4 immunoreactivity	Hyponatremia	Ke et al., 2002
Rat	Indirect	High AQP4 expression correlates with BBB opening	Median forebrain bundle injury	Vizuete et al., 1999
Mouse	Direct	Reduced brain oedema in AQP4 null mice	Water intoxication, cerebral ischaemia	Manley et al., 2000
Mouse	Direct	Reduced brain oedema in alpha syntrophin null mice	Water intoxication, cerebral ischaemia	Amiry-Moghaddam et al., 2003a, 2004
Mouse	Direct	Reduced brain oedema in AQP4 null mice	Bacterial meningitis	Papadopoulos and Verkman, 2005
Mouse	Direct	Increased brain oedema in AQP4 null mice	Brain melanoma, focal cortical freeze, aCSF infusion	Papadopoulos et al., 2004
Mouse	Direct	Increased brain oedema in AQP4 null mice	Brain abscess	Bloch et al., 2005
Mouse	Direct	Increased hydrocephalus in AQP4 null mice	Hydrocephalus	Bloch et al., 2006