Table 3.

Baseline and Change From Baseline in Biomarkers of Kidney Function by Diet Assignment

			Change From Baseline by Diet
			Carbohydrate		Unsaturated Fat		Protein
Biomarkers	No.	Baseline Value	Mean β (95% CI)	P	Mean β (95% CI)	P	Mean β (95% CI)	P
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2)a	156	92.0 ± 16.3	–0.43 (–1.93 to 1.07)	0.6	–0.77 (–2.01 to 0.47)	0.2	3.81 (2.54 to 5.09)	<0.001
SCysC (mg/dL)	157	0.89 ± 0.13	0.00 (–0.01 to 0.01)	0.8	0.01 (–0.01 to 0.02)	0.3	–0.03 (–0.05 to –0.02)	<0.001
B2M (mg/dL)	157	2.01 ± 0.48	0.03 (–0.02 to 0.08)	0.3	0.04 (0.00 to 0.08)	0.04	–0.05 (–0.10 to –0.01)	0.03
SCr (mg/dL)	164	0.78 ± 0.18	0.03 (0.02 to 0.05)	<0.001	0.03 (0.02 to 0.05)	<0.001	0.02 (0.00 to 0.03)	0.04
SBP (mm Hg)	164	131.2 ± 9.4	–8.13 (–9.52 to 6.74)	<0.001	–9.37 (–10.66 to –8.09)	<0.001	–9.51 (–10.85 to –8.17)	<0.001
DBP (mm Hg)	164	77.0 ± 8.2	–4.11 (–4.94 to –3.27)	<0.001	–4.83 (–5.62 to –4.04)	<0.001	–5.23 (–6.05 to –4.42)	<0.001

Note: Baseline values are given mean ± SD. Conversion factor for creatinine in mg/dL to μmol/L, ×88.4.

Abbreviations: B2M, β₂-microglobulin; CI, confidence interval; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SCr, serum creatinine; SCysC, serum cystatin C; SD, standard deviation.

^aCKD-EPI cystatin C equation.²¹