Table 2.
Mean, p value and 95% confidence interval for the difference between the means for the joint range of motion and velocity over the stance phase for barefoot and thong while walking and jogging
| Walk | Jog | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Variable |
Barefoot |
Thong |
|
|
Barefoot |
Thong |
|
|
||||
| |
Angle (°) |
SD |
Angle (°) |
SD |
p;<0.05 |
95% CI |
Angle (°) |
SD |
Angle (°) |
SD |
p;<0.05 |
95% CI |
| Ankle sagittal |
22.4 |
5.4 |
20.7 |
7.9 |
0.386 |
−2.39, 5.76 |
28.2 |
5.4 |
25.8 |
5.8 |
0.085 |
−0.383, 5.18 |
| Ankle frontal |
11.6 |
2.5 |
11.1 |
2.1 |
0.580 |
−1.59, 0.940 |
12.8 |
3.2 |
12.5 |
2.5 |
0.626 |
−1.03, 1.64 |
| Ankle transverse |
12.1 |
3.6 |
12.6 |
4.3 |
0.688 |
−2.78, 1.90 |
10.1 |
3.6 |
9.3 |
3.2 |
0.162 |
−0.376, 2.01 |
| Midfoot sagittal |
21.8 |
6.1 |
21.2 |
6.1 |
0.701 |
−2.69, 3.87 |
25.0 |
5.0 |
22.9 |
3.2 |
0.116 |
−0.589, 4.69 |
| Midfoot frontal |
7.0 |
1.4 |
7.4 |
4.0 |
0.656 |
−2.51, 1.64 |
6.7 |
3.2 |
6.0 |
2.2 |
0.452 |
−1.34, 2.82 |
| Midfoot transverse |
7.5 |
3.2 |
8.4 |
3.2 |
0.099 |
−1.90, 0.186 |
5.9 |
1.8 |
5.2 |
1.8 |
0.327 |
−0.794, 2.20 |
| Hallux sagittal |
30.4 |
7.6 |
25.3 |
6.5 |
0.80 |
−1.42, 5.29 |
25.0 |
7.6 |
22.3 |
6.1 |
0.170 |
−1.30, 6.56 |
| Mean velocity (ms-2) | 1.4 | 0.2 | 1.4 | 0.2 | 0.079 | −1.24, 1.56 | 2.5 | 0.2 | 2.5 | 0.2 | 0.520 | −2.34, 2.66 |
* indicates a significant difference compared to barefoot when p < 0.05.