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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Surgery. 2012 Dec 4;153(4):473–480. doi: 10.1016/j.surg.2012.08.068

Table 2.

Characteristics of surgeons

Surgeons (n=85)
Average age ± SD, years 50 ± 10
Gender
 Male 61 (72%)
 Female 21 (25%)
 No response 3 (4%)
Hispanic/Latin American 2 (2%)
Race
 Caucasian/White 49 (58%)
 Asian 30 (35%)
 African/Black American 2 (2%)
 No response 4 (5%)
Median years in practice after residency 12 (IQ range 7 to 25)
Surgical subspecialty
 General surgery 15 (18%)
 Vascular 13 (15%)
 Transplant 8 (9%)
 Cardiothoracic 7 (8%)
 Colorectal 6 (7%)
 Pediatric 6 (7%)
 Plastics 5 (6%)
 Trauma 5 (6%)
 Hepatobiliary 4 (5%)
 Surgical oncology 4 (5%)
 Bariatric 3 (4%)
 Endocrine 3 (4%)
 Breast 2 (2%)
 Other/No response 4 (5%)
Practice site
 Tertiary referral/Academic 41 (48%)
 Community 24 (28%)
 County 9 (11%)
 Veterans affairs 4 (5%)
 Other/No response 7 (8%)
Experience with innovative surgery
 Median number of innovative surgeries last year 5 (IQ range 1 to 15)
 Median % of innovative surgeries over career 5 (IQ range 1 to 10)