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. 2013 Mar 19;8(3):e58753. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058753

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© 2013 Neumann et al

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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Panel A shows a characteristic endomicroscopic image of a patient with C. difficile-infection after exposure of the biopsy to the labelled probe and subsequent CLE analysis. Intramucosal bacteria were clearly visible (white spots). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) confirmed the presence of intramucosal bacteria in this patient due to the bright red fluorescence. Nuclei and DNA are displayed in blue (Panel B). Panel C shows FISH in a control patient without C. difficile infection. No bacteria could be visualized.