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. 2012 Jul 8;13(1):36–42. doi: 10.1007/s13191-012-0140-y

Table 6.

Kruskal–Wallis test used to evaluate hemorrhage scores of three retraction systems

Retraction systems Number of abutments (N) Mean rank
Stay-put 20 48.75
Expasyl 20 14.63
Magic foam cord 20 28.13
Test statisticsa,b
Hemorrhage
 Chi-square 44.448
 df 2
 Significance (P) 0.000

df degree of freedom

P value = level of significance

aKruskal Wallis test

bGrouping variable: retraction systems