Table 3.

Gain-of-function animal studies targeting SLC27 family members

SLC27 isoform targeted	Animal model	Tissue specificity	Phenotype	Reference
SLC27A1/FATP1	Overexpressing transgenic	Heart	Increased LCFA uptake and accumulation in heart; diastolic dysfunction; metabolic cardiomyopathy	(Chiu et al., 2005)
SLC27A1/FATP1	Overexpressing electrotransfection	Skeletal muscle	Increased fatty acid transport into skeletal muscle and rate of fatty acid oxidation, but no change in intramuscular triacylglycerol stores	(Nickerson et al., 2009)
SLC27A1/FATP1	Overexpressing transgenic	Skeletal muscle	Increased sarcolemmal LCFA transport and oxidation and no change in intramuscular lipid accumulation; no effect on diet-induced insulin resistance	(Holloway et al., 2011)
SLC27A4/FATP4	Overexpressing transgenic in FATP4 whole body knockout	Whole body	Rescue of the neonatal lethal phenotype and most skin defects observed in FATP4 KO mice (Herrmann T 2003)	(Moulson et al., 2007)
SLC27A4/FATP4	Overexpressing transgenic in FATP4 whole body knockout	Keratinocytes and hair follicles	Rescue of the neonatal lethal phenotype and most skin defects observed in FATP4 KO mice (Herrmann T 2003); this rescue requires FATP4 with an intact acyl-CoA synthetase domain; minor alterations in hair types	(Moulson et al., 2007)
SLC27A4/FATP4	Overexpressing transgenic in FATP4 whole body knockout	Keratinocytes and hair follicles	No change in weight gain, intestinal fat and cholesterol absorption, intestinal LCFA uptake and secretion, and hepatic lipid content and secretion; high-fat diet increased TG and fatty acid content in intestine	(Shim et al., 2009)
SLC27A4/FATP4	Overexpressing electrotransfection	Skeletal muscle	Increased fatty acid transport into skeletal muscle and rate of fatty acid oxidation, but no change in fatty acid activation and intramuscular triacylglycerol stores	(Nickerson et al., 2009)

LCFA: Long-chain fatty acid

KO: Knockout

TG: Triglyceride