Table 1.
Sample characteristics.
| Women | Men | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 34.9 (2.5) | 37.1 (2.3) | .52 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.1 (0.7) | 26.0 (0.6) | .047 |
| Education (years) | 14.5 (0.5) | 14.2 (0.4) | .69 |
| Caffeine (drinks/day) | 3.8 (0.5) | 4.8 (0.5) | .18 |
| Sleep (hours/day) | 6.8 (0.2) | 7.3 (0.2) | .13 |
| Cigarettes/day | 19.1 (1.2) | 19.9 (1.2) | .65 |
| Duration (years) | 10.1 (2.0) | 14.5 (1.8) | .11 |
| Previous quit attempts | 8.2 (2.2) | 4.4 (2.0) | .22 |
| Longest quit (days) | 5.9 (3.6) | 11.4 (3.3) | .26 |
| Motivation to quit | 6.0 (0.2) | 6.1 (0.2) | .82 |
| Nicotine dependence (FTND) | 5.4 (0.4) | 5.7 (0.3) | .49 |
| Cotinine (ng/mL) | 184.3 (21.7) | 202.6 (20.8) | .54 |
| Carbon monoxide (ppm) | 24.2 (1.7) | 23.0 (1.6) | .61 |
| Depression (CESD) | 14.4 (1.6) | 10.3 (1.5) | .06 |
| Anxiety (STAI) | 38.7 (1.6) | 36.9 (1.5) | .42 |
| Anger (STAXI) | 17.2 (0.9) | 17.5 (0.8) | .80 |
| Stress (PSS) | 16.2 (1.1) | 14.0 (1.0) | .14 |
| Reasons for smoking (RFS) | |||
| Stimulation | 7.4 (0.5) | 7.7 (0.4) | .71 |
| Pleasure | 10.8 (0.3) | 9.9 (0.3) | .07 |
| Handling | 7.4 (0.5) | 7.1 (0.5) | .70 |
| Negative affect reduction | 12.3 (0.5) | 10.3 (0.4) | .003 |
| Habit | 6.4 (0.3) | 5.9 (0.3) | .29 |
| Craving reduction | 10.3 (0.4) | 9.8 (0.4) | .38 |
Note. Entries show mean (standard error); BMI: body mass index; FTND: Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence; ppm: parts per million; CESD: Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale; STAI: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; STAXI: Trait Anger Expression Inventory; PSS: Perceived Stress Scale.