Table 1.
CAPRIE and CREDO Demographic and Other Baseline Data by Baseline PPI Use
| CAPRIE | No PPI (n=18 967) | PPI (n=218) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 62.5 (11.1) | 63.9 (11.0) | 0.056 |
| Women, No. (%) | 5263 (27.7) | 67 (30.7) | 0.328 |
| Race, No. (%) | |||
| White | 17 968 (94.7) | 209 (95.9) | 0.648 |
| Black | 548 (2.9) | 4 (1.8) | |
| Other | 451 (2.4) | 5 (2.3) | |
| Weight, mean (SD), kg | 76.6 (14.7) | 77.7 (14.2) | 0.270 |
| Body mass index, mean kg/m2 (SD) | 26.5 (4.4) | 26.7 (4.1) | 0.372 |
| >25 kg/m2, No. (%) | 11 516 (60.8) | 147 (67.4) | 0.047 |
| Risk factors and cardiovascular history, No. (%) | |||
| Smoking history, current | 5616 (29.6) | 52 (23.9) | 0.064 |
| Hypertension | 9777 (51.5) | 108 (49.5) | 0.556 |
| Diabetes | 3845 (20.3) | 36 (16.5) | 0.170 |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 7818 (41.2) | 86 (39.4) | 0.600 |
| Stable angina | 4101 (21.6) | 71 (32.6) | <0.001 |
| Unstable angina | 1635 (8.6) | 26 (11.9) | 0.084 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 803 (4.2) | 8 (3.7) | 0.681 |
| Cardiac surgery | 1469 (7.7) | 20 (9.2) | 0.433 |
| Other cardiac arrhythmia | 2017 (10.6) | 26 (11.9) | 0.539 |
| Cardiac valve disease | 736 (3.9) | 11 (5.0) | 0.376 |
| Cardiomegaly | 876 (4.6) | 9 (4.1) | 0.732 |
| Heart failure | 1061 (5.6) | 13 (6.0) | 0.814 |
| Qualifying condition, No. (%) | |||
| Ischemic stroke | 6373 (33.6) | 58 (26.6) | 0.048 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 6378 (33.6) | 74 (33.9) | |
| MI | 6216 (32.8) | 86 (39.4) | |
| CREDO | No PPI (n=1742) | PPI (n=374) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD), y | 61.6 (11.1) | 61.8 (11.0) | 0.707 |
| Woman, No. (%) | 495 (28.4) | 111 (29.7) | 0.624 |
| Race, No. (%) | |||
| White | 1546 (88.7) | 334 (89.3) | 0.388 |
| Black | 100 (5.7) | 23 (6.1) | |
| Hispanic | 83 (4.8) | 12 (3.2) | |
| Other | 13 (0.7) | 5 (1.3) | |
| Risk factors and cardiovascular history, No. (%) | |||
| Smoking within past year | 539 (30.9) | 108 (28.9) | 0.432 |
| Diabetes | 458 (26.3) | 102 (27.3) | 0.696 |
| Family history of premature CAD | 730 (41.9) | 162 (43.3) | 0.616 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1279 (73.4) | 296 (79.1) | 0.021 |
| CABG | 266 (15.3) | 69 (18.4) | 0.126 |
| Coronary angiography | 1275 (73.2) | 304 (81.3) | 0.001 |
| PCI | 458 (26.3) | 132 (35.3) | <0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 78 (4.5) | 18 (4.8) | 0.777 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 104 (6.0) | 22 (5.9) | 0.948 |
| Congestive heart failure | 152 (8.7) | 33 (8.8) | 0.952 |
| Hypertension | 1192 (68.4) | 258 (69.0) | 0.833 |
| MI | 579 (33.2) | 139 (37.2) | 0.146 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 135 (7.7) | 41 (11.0) | 0.041 |
| Previous stroke | 118 (6.8) | 23 (6.1) | 0.661 |
| Indication for PCI, No. (%) | |||
| Recent MI | 231 (13.3) | 59 (15.8) | 0.199 |
| Stable angina and other | 602 (34.6) | 92 (24.6) | <0.001 |
| Unstable angina | 896 (51.4) | 221 (59.1) | 0.007 |
CAPRIE indicates Clopidogrel versus Aspirin in Patients at Risk of Ischemic Events; CREDO, Clopidogrel for Reduction of Events During Observation; PPI, proton pump inhibitor; MI, myocardial infarction; CAD, coronary artery disease; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.