Table 1.
Mean i‐TTR by Baseline Characteristics: Clinical and Demographic Features
| Baseline Variable | N (%) | i‐TTR (Mean %) | Univariable P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | <0.0001 | ||
| <73 | 3487 (50) | 53.6±20.9 | |
| ≥73 | 3496 | 56.8±21.5 | |
| Sex | <0.0001 | ||
| Male | 4242 (61) | 56.4±21.2 | |
| Female | 2741 | 53.3±21.3 | |
| Race | <0.0001 | ||
| White | 5829 (83) | 56.3±20.9 | |
| African American | 83 (1) | 51.9±21.0 | |
| Asian | 872 (12) | 48.3±22.4 | |
| American Indian/Alaskan | 10 | 51.2±19.1 | |
| Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander | 4 | 60.1±12.5 | |
| Other | 185 (3) | 52.6±21.7 | |
| Region | <0.0001 | ||
| East Asia | 727 (10) | 50.4±21.4 | |
| India | 130 (2) | 35.9±23.3 | |
| Eastern Europe | 2663 (38) | 49.7±21.2 | |
| Western Europe/similar | 1088 (16) | 63.2±18.5 | |
| South Africa | 124 (2) | 54.8±22.1 | |
| Latin America | 924 (13) | 55.2±20.0 | |
| Canada/ United States | 1327 (19) | 64.1±18.2 | |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 0.0003 | ||
| <28 | 3426 (49) | 54.3±21.4 | |
| ≥28 | 3553 | 56.0±21.1 | |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 0.0005 | ||
| <130 | 2675 (38) | 56.8±20.8 | |
| ≥130 | 4300 | 54.2±21.5 | |
| AF type | 0.79 | ||
| Persistent | 5648 (81) | 55.1±21.5 | |
| Paroxysmal | 1239 (18) | 55.3±20.5 | |
| New onset/ diagnosis | 96 (1) | 56.5±19.5 | |
| Hypertension | 0.055 | ||
| Absence | 649 | 56.7±21.1 | |
| Presence | 6334 (91) | 55.0±21.3 | |
| Diabetes | 0.61 | ||
| Absence | 4230 | 55.3±21.3 | |
| Presence | 2753 (39) | 55.0±21.2 | |
| Prior stroke or TIA | 0.087 | ||
| Absence | 3338 | 55.6±21.2 | |
| Presence | 3645 (52) | 54.8±21.3 | |
| Congestive heart failure | <0.0001 | ||
| Absence | 2642 | 59.0±20.7 | |
| Presence | 4340 (62) | 52.9±21.2 | |
| eGFR (MDRD),15 mL/min per 1.73 m2 | 0.016 | ||
| <68 | 3431 (49) | 55.3±21.2 | |
| ≥68 | 3548 | 55.0±21.4 | |
| Baseline hemoglobin, g/L | 0.0052 | ||
| <10.0 | 2469 (35) | 53.5±21.5 | |
| ≥10.0 | 4510 | 56.1±21.1 | |
| CAD | <0.0001 | ||
| Absence | 5294 | 54.6±21.3 | |
| Presence | 1689 (24) | 57.0±21.0 | |
| COPD | 0.053 | ||
| Absence | 6259 | 55.4±21.3 | |
| Presence | 719 (10) | 53.7±21.1 | |
| PAD | 0.047 | ||
| Absence | 6558 | 55.1±21.3 | |
| Presence | 425 (6) | 57.2±20.7 | |
| Prior GI bleed | <0.0001 | ||
| Absence | 6713 | 55.0±21.3 | |
| Presence | 270 (4) | 60.7±19.3 | |
| Liver disease | 0.012 | ||
| Absence | 6616 | 55.3±21.2 | |
| Presence | 367 (5) | 52.5±21.9 | |
| Alcohol consumption (past 12 mo) | <0.0001 | ||
| Abstinent | 4516 (65) | 53.2±21.4 | |
| Light | 2117 (30) | 58.6±20.5 | |
| Moderate | 302 (4) | 62.1±19.9 | |
| Heavy | 47 (1) | 48.8±22.2 | |
| CHADS2 score* | <0.0001 L | ||
| 1* | 2 | 33.3±47.1 | 0.0015 Q |
| 2 | 920 (13) | 59.3±19.7 | |
| 3 | 3094 (44) | 55.1±21.3 | |
| 4 | 1963 (28) | 54.3±21.7 | |
| 5 | 852 (12) | 53.6±21.3 | |
| 6 | 152 (2) | 53.4±21.5 | |
Continuous predictors are split at median for summarizing TTR but tested as continuous. Missing data occurred in fewer than 0.2% of records for any variable. Race: for purposes of testing, race groups were white, Asian, and all others. i‐TTR indicates individual patient‐level time in therapeutic range; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; AF, atrial fibrillation; TIA, transient ischemic attack; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MDRD, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease; CAD, coronary artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; PAD, peripheral artery disease; GI, gastrointestinal.
CHADS2: linear (L) and quadratic (Q) models tested.
CHADS2=1: combined with CHADS2=2 for testing.