Table 4.
Gene Polymorphisms in Anti-/Pro-Oxidant Molecules That May Impair or Modulate T-Cell Function in Human Diseases
| No. | Anti/prooxidant gene | Polymorphism | Effect on T-cell redox state | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | AKR1A1 | IVS5+282T>C | 1.7-fold risk for NHL and T-cell lymphoma | (153) |
| 2 | CAT | −89A>T | Increases susceptibility to vitligo by 1.9-fold | (162) |
| 3 | CYBA | C242T | Reduced respiratory burst in human neutrophils | (310) |
| 4 | CYBA | C242T | CC genotype exhibits NOX-mediated oxidative stress and endothelial damage. | (192) |
| 5 | CYBA | Ex4+11C>T | 1.6-fold risk for NHL and T-cell lymphoma | (153) |
| 6 | CYP2E1 | CYP2E15 | 2.8-fold higher risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia | (150) |
| 7 | GCLM | GCLM-588 C>T | Increased risk for carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients | (137) |
| 8 | MnSOD | Ala16Val | Risk for development of type 2 diabetes | (202) |
| 9 | MPO | G463A | Related to reduced generation of ROS, are associated with decreased breast cancer risk | (4) |
| 10 | MPO | −463 G>A | Increased risk for carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients | (137) |
| 11 | NOX p22phox | 242 C>T | Increased risk for carotid atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetic patients | (137) |
| 12 | Ncf1 | DBA.Vβ12 mutant | Increased susceptibility for arthritis and autoimmunity by following mechanisms: Increased autoantibody production Expansion of IL-33R-expressing T cells Impaired T-cell tolerance |
(95) |
| 13 | ND6 | G13886A and 13884insC | Deficient respiratory complex I activity and ROS overproduction | (118) |
| 14 | NFκB | Deletion in NFκB gene | Susceptibility to RA, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriatic arthritis, giant cell arthritis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, celiac disease, and Parkinson's disease, as well as susceptibility of several cancers, such as oral squamous cell carcinoma, colorectal cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, and myeloma | (272) |
| 15 | NFκB | 94 base pair deletion | 1.45-fold higher risk for colorectal cancer | (10) |
| 16 | NOS2 A | Ser 608 Leu | 2-fold risk increase for NHL in B- and T-cell lymphoma | (302) |
| 17 | NQO1 | alleles 2 and 3 | 1.7-fold risk for acute lymphoblastic leukemia | (150) |
| 18 | Nrf2 | Nfe2l2 (gene for Nrf2) | Locus in Nrf2 gene linkage to susceptibility to hyperoxia and lung diseases | (48) |
| 19 | p22phox | Promoter | Susceptibility to NADPH-mediated oxidative stress in humans and animals with hypertension. | (71) |
| 20 | PON1 | PON1(192), PON1(55), PON1(−162), PON1(−832), PON1(−909), PON1(−1076), and PON1(−1741) | Haplotype (AATTCCT) was associated with better CD4+ cell count in HIV-infected patients | (219) |
| 21 | SOD1 | Cu2+/Zn2+ superoxide dismutase (SOD1) | Risk for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis | (123) |
| 22 | SOD2 | G1677T | Susceptibility to human cancer | (102) |
AKR1A1, Aldoketo reductase family 1, member A1; CAT, catalase; CYBA, cytochrome b-245, alpha-polypeptide; MPO, myeloperoxidase; NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-oxidase; Ncf1, neutrophil cytosolic factor 1; NHL, non-Hodgkins lymphoma; NOX, NADPH oxidase; NQO1, NADPH quinone oxidoreductase-1; NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2; PON1, paraoxonase-1.